| Endometritis is a postnatal reproductive disorder disease in cow. At present, endometritis research for cow has focused on intrauterine flora isolated and appraisement, endometritis medicine manufacture and treatment, rather on the local immunity of cows less. Mast cells as important effector cells in the immune system, on the organ local function and immunity levels have important regulatory immune. The results show that uterine mast cells in estrous cycle and during pregnancy showed a regular change. Description mast cells are an important adjustment factor on the endometrial local state change. But when the cow endometritis mast cell structure and function, has not been reported. To this end, the present study of postpartum patients with acute purulent endometritis cows for the study, by blood cells, hormone levels, blood biochemistry, endometrial histamine, SP and VIP content, HRH1 and HRH2 mRNA expression detection, and endometrial MC microstructure and ultrastructure, research endometritis having an effect on mast cells structure and function, and mast cells in the uterus local immunity role. The results showed as follows:1. Compared with the healthy control group suffering from cows endometritis group of blood leukocytes and mononuclear cells were significantly increased, while the segmented nuclear neutrophils significantly decreased. This result shows that cows are suffering from acute inflammation.2. Cows endometritis risk of endometrial progesterone concentration of 0.76±0.28ng/mL, significantly higher than 0.52±0.15 ng / mL (p <0.05), while estradiol levels remained low level of 35.4±1.6pg / L, and the control group (37.5±1.2pg / L) was not significant (p>0.05). Show that high levels of progesterone and low levels of estrogen, the inhibition of uterine contraction, uterine blood circulation disorder, metabolism slows down, the defense function of the uterus decreased.3. In the electron microscope, endometritis group suffering from cows endometrial MC degranulation and vacuole. This result shows that endometritis endometrium MC release media, participation in the uterus of local defense.4. Endometritis cows suffering from histamine content of 80.305±4.002ng/mL, significantly higher than 39.204±4.278 ng / mL (p <0.01), HRH1 and HRH2 mRNA expression level of 0.796±0.011 and 0.926±0.024, also significantly higher than 0.664±0.004 and 0.642±0.018 (p <0.01). But the experimental group HRH1 and HRH2 mRNA expression ratio was significantly lower (0.85±0.046), significantly lower than the control group 1.034±0.002.. Show that when endometritis a large number of MC release histamine to participate in the uterus of local inflammatory reaction, histamine receptor HRH1 and HRH2 mRNA expression imbalance to reduce the level of uterine immunity.5. Suffering from cows endometritis endometrium, serum SP levels were significantly higher (p <0.01), up to 1258.06±128.88 ng / mL and 409.49±81.26 ng / mL, while the control group was 308.12±9.72 ng / mL and 59.45±5.21 ng / mL. That endometritis neuropeptide stimulation MC release large amounts of histamine stimulation, regulation of uterine immunity. The endometrium serum VIP content of 615.73±70.50 ng / mL and 7.47±0.37 ng / mL, significantly lower than the control group 1667.34±153.41 ng / mL and 101.37±27.70 ng / mL (p<0.01). That endometritis may exist autonomic dysfunction.In conclusion: when endometritis endometrial MC degranulation, release histamine and other media to participate in local inflammatory reaction uterus, affect the expression of histamine receptors, cause local immune imbalance endometrium. While serum and endometrial changes in VIP and SP concentration significantly, indicating autonomic nerve disorder. VIP and SP effect uterine blood circulation, but also involve in mediating the release of MC medium. When endometritis show a high level of progesterone and estrogen levels low, so that the inhibition of uterine contraction, uterine accumulation of bad leak. Therefore, participation of MC release histamine from the uterus local immunity, and ovarian hormone and neuropeptide and the closely related, and in endometritis play an important role. But the MC mediators in the mediation of the molecular mechanisms that should be further studied.
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