Study On Morphology And Distribution Of Mast Cells And Effect Of Heat Stress On Mast Cells Of Immune Organs In Geese

In this study, digestive organs, respiratory organs and immune organs were taken from Jilingoose at28th hatching day,1,7,14,21,35and60days post hatch. Three embryos or three gooseswere selected randomly at each age. The samples were fixed in Carnoy’s fluid, and thenembedded by paraffin to make sections. Toluidine blue staining was applied to show mast cellsof every organs in goose, which was to investigate the regularities of morphology anddistribution of mast cells in Jilin goose. This research could provide the related investigativedata of mast cells in poultry, and supply fundamentally theoretical basis for prevention andtreatment of goose-related diseases.The results showed that:(1) The morphology of mast cells in goose: toluidine blue stainingwas excellent to show the mast cells of goose. Mast cells were bright-coloured amaranth; themetachromatic cytoplasmic granules usually make the blue cell nucleus unclear. Mast cells ofgoose were mostly round, fusiform, conical, oval and irregular in shape, and those sizes werevarious.(2) The distribution of mast cells in geese: mast cells in esophagus mainly distributed inlamina propria, especially at the bottom of the fold. It was obvious that mast cells distributedaround the blood vessels and glands. Mast cells in proventriculus distributed in the laminapropria under the epithelium, connective tissue between glands and submucosa, while most ofmast cells were found in lamina propria. There was a character that mast cells distributed aroundthe blood vessels and glands. The distribution of mast cells in intestinal tract was similarbetween each segment. Most of the mast cells distributed in the intestinal villi and aroundintestinal glands. In the villi, almost all of mast cells existed in the lamina propria of villi; therewas a trend that mast cells located along the basement of cylindrical epithelium, which couldform a long arched silhouette. Positive cells in the liver distributed in the connective tissuebetween the lobules, around the central vein and between the liver cells and bloodsinusoids.The majority of mast cells in the throat distributed in connective tissue of submucosal,a few of them existed in the bottom of lamina propria. No mast cells were found in muscular andthe surrounding of cartilage. Mast cells in trachea mainly occurred in the basement of epithelium,the lamina propria and submucosa. There were more mast cells around the blood vessels in thesubmucosa. Mast cells of lung were observed between alveolar cells, in tertiary bronchus andthe interspace of pulmonary lobule, and they located around the blood vessels. Mast cells ofthymus concentrated in thymic medullary region, and the thymic corpuscles (Hassall’s corpuscle)were usual surrounded by mast cells. Mast cells of bursa of Fabricius are mostly observedsubepithelial and interfollicles spaces. Mast cells were not present within follicles in any of the groups. Mast cells of spleen were observed in both red pulp and white pulp. The periarteriallymphatic sheaths and lymphoid nodules were surrounded by many mast cells. Mast cells werenot found in germinal centers of lymphoid nodules.(3) Changes of mast cells in goose betweendifferent ages: In the initial stage after goose hatched, mast cells kept increasing with theincrease of age; they reached the peak and then declined.The geese were stimulated by heat stress in this study to establish heat stress model.Toluidine blue staining were applied to detect the changes of mast cells in distribution andquantity of the thymus, bursa of Fabricius and spleen in goose. The aim of the study was tosupply fundamentally theoretical basis to reduce the compromise of heat stress during the geesebreeding process.The results demonstrated that: there was no difference between the heat stress group and thecontrol group in the character of morphology and distribution of mast cells in immune organs ofgeese. Mast cells of thymus in heat stress group were less than that in control group（P＜0.05）;mast cells of bursa of Fabricius in heat stress group were more than that in control group（P＜0.05）, mast cells of spleen in heat stress group were more than that in control group（P＞0.05）.