Study On The Mechanism Of Liver And Kidney Syndrome In Chicken By Biotin Deficiency

Biotin is a kind of vitamine containing with Sulfur that is necessary for animal health, and lack of biotin would result in slow growth of animals, ingestation decreasing, reduction in female production, decreasing in carcass quality, dermatitis, and even death of animals, which cause great economic loss in livestock and poultry raising industry. Biotin deficiency was a common disease of broiler chickens, layers, pigs, and etc. Chickens lack of biotin will lead to inflammation of mouth, blooding in interdigit, short and thick in shin bone, Hepatorenal Syndrome and so on.The purpose of this experiment was to study the pathogenesis of Hepatorenal Syndrome in chickens caused by biotin deficiency. A total of 50 double A chickens were randomly divided into 2 groups, the experimental group (biotin deficiency group) and control group: Group 1 was the experimental group with 30 chickens fed with the diet of biotin deficiency (preparation of semi-purified diet); Group 2 was the control group of 20 chickens feeding the diet supplemented with biotin of 500μg/kg. And the chickens of experimental group and control group of 0d, 5d, 15d were weighed, the dead chickens were slaughtered and the detailed pathological changes was recorded by camera. Five chickens were examined in the experimental group and control group, respectively, and the blood routine, liver function and kidney function were tested, then the experimental chickens were killed, and the liver, spleen, kidney, and heart of the chickens were taken out, weighed, and the organ coefficient of chickens was calculated. And a portion of liver and kidney were sampled for pathological examination and the expression of holocarboxylase synthetase was tested. The results showed that: (1) The clinical symptoms of biotin deficiency in chickens were consistent with the reported results. (2) Biotin deficiency severely inhibits the growth rate of chickens, the difference is very significant (P <0.01); (3) The development of chicken spleen was affected by biotin deficiency, and the difference is significant (P <0.05); The fat was deposited in the liver, kidney and heart, which lead to increase of the organ coefficient of chickens, the difference of kidney and heart is very significant (P <0.01), the difference of liver is significant (P <0.05); (4) The liver function is impaired, and albumin and total protein were found droping, and the difference is significant (P <0.05), direct bilirubin and total bilirubin increased, and the difference is significant (P <0.05), the activity of GOT and GPT increased, and the difference was significant (P < 0.05); (5)The function of glomerular filtration was seriously impaired, and the levels of renal dysfunction, uric acid, urea nitrogen and creatinine increased significantly, the difference of uric acid and creatinine is significant (P <0.05). The difference of urea nitrogen is very significant (P <0.01); (6) The expression of holocarboxylase synthetase was inhibited by biotin deficiency, and the difference was significant.The activity of pyruvate carboxylase, acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase, propionyl coenzyme A carboxylase and 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase were influenced by biotin deficiency by affecting the expression of holocarboxylase synthetase, which further affects the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, protein, and also leads to the descent of immunity and disease resistance, even causes the death of chickens. The conclusions points out the direction for further research of chicken fatty liver and kidney syndrome by biotin deficiency. And It laid the theoretical foundation for further studies of the pathogenesis of biotin deficiency in chickens as well as other animals.