| Object To study the expression of Smad4 and TGF- P 1, TGF- P R II in cholangiocarcinoma tissues and its biological behavior. Methods Smad4 and TGF-3 K TGF-P RII were detected by immunohistochemical methods in 47 paraffin-embedded specimens of cholangiocarcinoma and the control tissues near to the tumor. Results Expression of TGF-3 1 was significantly higher, while Smad4 and TGF- P R II was lower in cholangiocarcinoma than that of control tissues near to the tumor(P<0.001,0.001,0.01).There was significantly relation between TGF-P 1 expression and clinical stages, lymph node and liver metastasis(P<0.01,0.05,0.05), and no difference in histological grade ;TGF- P R II expression was significantly difference in clinical stages(P<0.05), and no significantly difference in histological grade , lymph node and liver metastasis(P>0.05) .Smad4 was significantly difference in histological grade -. clinical stages and metastasi potential(P<0.01,0.05,0.01). There was no relationship of the expression among above three factors in cholangiocarcinoma, and no significant diference in sex,age, tumour dimension and position(P>0.05) .The common expression of Smad4 and TGF- P R II was correlated with histological grade , clinical stages , metastasis potential(P<,0.05,0.05,0.01) .Conclusion Smad4 and TGF- P 1, TGF- 3 R II may play an important role in the occurrence and development of cholangiocarcinoma. Loss of Smad4 andTGF- P R II gene may be one of the significant molecular biological mechanism.
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