| Objective: To investigate the expression of protooncogene c-jun/c-fos in lung cancer, and in earlier stage lung cancer especially. Through studying the relationship between KGF and protooncogene c-jun/c-fos, we tried to find out at least one reason for altered c-jun/c-fos. Based on this, a new mechanism for lung cancer was suggested, and a new kind of early diagnostic method for lung cancer was provided.Method: l.With immunohistochemistry (IHC) we detected the expression of protooncogene c-jun/c-fos in 60 cases of lung neoplasma tissue, of which 17 cases of precancerous lesion were included. Following, the relationship between c-Jun/c-Fos expression and clinical factors including age, sex, size of tumor, pathology type, TNM stage, differentiation, lymphnode metastsis and smoking etc was observed. We also compared the expression of c-Jun/c-Fos in different kinds of tissues including tumor, normal and boundary tissue between them. 2. With in situ hybridization (ISH) we detected theexpression of c-jun/c-fosmRNA and KGFmRNA in 50 cases with NSCLC which had been picked out of the 60 cases with lung cancer mentioned above. After the expression of c-jun/c-fosmRNA and KGFmRNA was analyzed through the QTM970 General Computer Image Analysis System, with a method of correlated analysis we evaluated the relationship between expression of KGFmRNA and c-jun/c-fosmRNA.Results: Positive c-Jun shown as nucleus stain in immunohistochemistry slides, meanwhile plasma stain was also observed in some cells. In lung cancer the positive rate of c-Jun was 70%, with 60% for squamous cell carcinoma, 68% for adenocarinoma and 100% for SCLC respectively. While a significant difference of c-Jun expression existed between NSCLC and SCLC (p<0.05) there was no expression difference between adenocarinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (p>0.05) . There was no relationship between c-Jun expression and age, sex, size of tumor, TNM stage and smoking etc(p>0.05) , but c-Jun expression correlated statistically with differentiation degree and lymphnode metastsis(p<0.05,p<0.05) . A highest positive rate of c-Jun in boundary tissue (76%) was observed among tumor, normal and boundary tissue (p<0.05) . Positive c-Fos shown as same as that of c-Jun in IHC slides. In lungcancer the positive rate of c-Fos was 65%, with 56% for squamous cell carcinoma, 64% for adenocarinoma and 100% for SCLC respectively. While a significant difference of c-Fos expression existed between NSCLC and SCLC (p<0.05) there was no expression difference between adenocarinoma and squamous cell carcinoma ( p>0.05 ) . Except for the factor of smoking the relationship between c-Fos expression and other clinical factors displayed the same characteristic as that of c-Jun. That the positive rate of c-Fos in boundary tissue (88%)was highest among tumor, normal and boundary tissue was also observed (p<0.05) . 2. ISH for c-jun/c-fos and KGFmRNA in 50 cases with NSCLC shown as buffy stain in plasma of tumor cell for positive c-jun/c-fos mRNA and fusiform stain in plasma of fibroblast and blood vessel smooth muscle cell in mesenchymal for positive KGF mRNA. In NSCLC the positive rate of c-jun and c-fos mRNA was 70% and 74% respectively. Average optical density of c-jun , c-fos and KGFmRNA measured through QTM 970 General Computer Image Analysis System was 112 ?14.8(OD), 129?.7(OD)and 143 + 10.2(OD) respectively. The expression of KGF mRNA correlated statistically with that of c-jun and c-fosmRNA, and the correlation coefficient was 0.673 and 0.762 respectively.Conclusion: As an immediately early gene c-jun/c-fos is expressed highly in lung cancer, especially in earlier stages, which indicates that detection of c-jun/c-fos is a new kind of early diagnostic method for lung cancer. Through a kind of paracine way KGF secreted by fibroblast in tumor mesenchymal can bind to KGFR on the surface of epithelial cell, and as a result it can activate c-jun/c-fos expression through a series of signal transmitting pathways including PKC and Ras-MAPK. It is well known that Ap-1,...
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