| Based on literature data, related specimens, commercial samples and field investigation , botanical origin of "bolingguazi" was clarified. It was found that as a Tibetan medicine used in China from 8th century,bolingguazi was derived from Herpetospermum pedunculosum (Ser.) C. B. Clarke, of Cucurbitaceae, main species of bolingguazi used in most areas of China were H. pedunculosum (Sen) C. B. Clarke., while seeds of Momordica charantia L.,Thladiantha setispina A. M. Lu et Z. Y. Zhang and Momordica cohinchinensis (Lour.) Spreng. was also available in some areas of China.where there were no distribution of bolingguaThe external and internal structure of Thladiantha setispina A. M. Lu et Z. Y. Zhang and Momordica charantia L. were studied for the first time .Two types of different sizable branched starry sclereid was found in Momordica cohinchinensis (Lour.) Spreng. for the first time.Comparative studies on external and internal structure ,TLC chromatography ,protein Gel electrophoresis chromatography were carried out on seeds of the 4 species mentioned above. As a result, they could be distinguished by external characteristics such as shape, size and color of their seeds, and by internal structure such as size and type of sclereid .epidermis and sub-epidermis cell of seed coat.The experiments showed that seeds of bolinggua contains fat oil .protein, amino acid .saponin and terpenoids. seeds of bolinggua could also be differentiated from its substitutes by Liebermann reaction, foam reaction, saponin TLC chromatography, protein Gel electrophoresis.To provide scientific basis for clinical using ,pharmacology of bolingguazi have been performed for the first time. The results showed that bolingguazi have the effect of inhibiting inflammation and the growth of bacteria, promoting the secretion of gall, So it can be used as drugs for clearing away heat and toxic material. The extracts of CHCb and CH3(CH2)CH2OH were the main active constituents of bolingguazi. |
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