| The activation of oncogenes and inactivation of tumor suppressor genes were involved in carcinogenesis and progression of gastric cancer. In 1996, Ohta found that a 200 - 300 kb region of chromosome 3pl4. 2, including the fragile site locus FRA3B, is homozygously deleted in multiple tumor - derived cell lines. Exon amplification from cosmids covering this deleted region allowed i-dentification of the human FHIT gene, a member of ther histidine triad gene family, which encodes a protein with 69% similarity to an S. pombe enzyme, diadenosine 5', 5 "' PI, P4 - tetraphosphate asymmetrical hydrolase. A lot of scholars have carried on the studying of different aspects of FHIT genes, found FHIT gene abnormity among most tumors, thought that FHIT gene is one important candidate to the tumor - suppressor gene. It has been proved by the past reearches that, nm23 - H, gene was involved in the inhibition of tumor invasion and metastasis.In order to probe into FHIT and the role of nm23-H, gene in gastric cancer evolution, immunohistochemistry method has been used to measure the expression of FHIT and nm23-H, in the gastric cancer, the relation between gene expression and clinicopathological significance of the gastric cancer has been analyzed.MATERIALSNinety - eight cases of gastric cancer were collected from the Tumor Department in the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University and Liaon-ing Tumor Hospital between Jan. 1991 to Feb. 1992, including 69 males and 29 females, with mean age 54 years old. In all these cases, 6 early gastric cane-ers, 16 middle gastric cancers, 76 advanced gastric cancers. According to WHO gastric cancer histological classification, there weie 12 cases of papillary adenocarcinoma; 65 cases of tubular adenocarcinoma (including 3 cases of well differentiated adenocarcinoma, 17 cases of moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma and 45 cases of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma); 17 cases of signet ring cell carcinoma; 5 cases of mucinous adenocarcinoma. Except 98 gastric cancer samplew, 94 corresponding non-neoplastic mucosae, 39 cases can be observed atypical hyperplasia of the gastric epithelium.METHODS1. Immunohistochemistry: two-step immunohistochemical method(USA GBI technological Ltd.) was employed in this study to detect expressions of FHIT and nm23-H1. Immuno-Bridge + regent box, rabbit anti-human Fhit polyconal antibody (dilution: 1:50) and mouse anti-human nm23 monoclonal antibody (dilution:!: 100) were bought from Zhongshan Biotechnology Ltd, Beijing. All procedures were implemented according to the product illustrstions.Positive Fhit and nm23-H1 immunostaining were located in cytoplasm, displaying dark brown. The evaluation of immunostaining was according to the percentage of positive cells from 5 randomly selective high power fields of each section, in each one of which 200 cells were counted. The degree of immunostaining was graded as follows: positive ones in counted cells: negative(-), positive rate <5%;(+), 5%-25%; (++), 25%-50%; (+ + +), >50%.2. Statistical analysis: Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square test. P<0.05 was considered as statically significant.RESULTS1 The expression of Fhit in different gastric mucous abnormities: the Fhitprotein positive rate is 100% in gastric body gland, 87. 5% in gastric sinus gland and 100% in intestinal metaplasia of non - neoplastic mucosae of adjacent mucosa of gastric cancer. The Fhit protein positive rate is 50% in atypical hy-perplasia of the gastric epithelium, significantly higher than in gastric cancer (38.2%), P<0.05.2. The expression of Fhit in gastric cancer; the expression of Fhit protein showed significant correlation with gastric histological classification(P<0.05). the postive rate is highest in papillary adenocarcinoma(75% ) , it is lowest in poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma(22. 2% ). The expression has correlation with Lauren classification of gastric cancer ( P < 0. 01). And the expression of Fhit protein showed significant correction with...
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