| Objective: Deep fungus infection in patients with lung cancer increased and was serious in clinic. Recently, the research of deep fungus infection in patients with lung cancer was mainly clinic analysis. The research of cause and pathogenesis was mainly on risk factors in clinic analysis. But the research of pathogen was minor and was mainly its morphological classification. In this study, case analysis method was applied to further analyze deep fungus infection with lung cancer, pathogen and its pathopoiesis. In contrast with the nonpa- thogenic Candida albicans in oral cavity of healthy person, Flow Cytometry (FCM) and Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) were applied to investigate the changes of the main pathogen-Candida albicans of deep fungus infection in patients with lung cancer and its relationship with pathogenicity in cell biology and molecular biology. Methods: All selected patients with lung cancer had the clinic manifestation of deep fungus infection and had be eliminated other microbacteria infection by microbiology examination or therapy. All clinical specimens were collected, disposed and examined by light microscope. Pathogens were cultured and identified with Sabouraud's dextrose agar media (SDA), germ tube test and CHR Candida Magar. Single Candida albicans cell liquor was made. One staining of ethidum bromide (EB) was used to stain the cells and chicken RBC as internal parameter standard to assay total DNA per cell. Twenty strains of Candida albicans from clinic strains and ten strains from controls were analyzed with FCM. Candida albicans cell liquor was made. According to fungus DNA extract kit, genetic DNA was extracted and identified. Two random primers and lower annealing temperature were chosen. The amplified products were separated on 1.5% gel. The genes of Candida albicans were analyzed with RAPD. The data of FCM were processed by two-sample t-test for independent samples in SAS statistical software. The data of RAPD were processed by chi-square test in SAS. P value of less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: The cases of deep fungus infection in patients with lung cancer included 72.09% males and 27.91% females. Males were major than females; age range from 45 to 90 (average 61.90). The cases increased with the age. Deep fungus infection in patients with lung cancer mostly occurred in respiratory tract. The proportion was 65.20%. The most prevailing isolates of fungi were Candida albicans (48.90%), then Candida glabrata (27.50%) and Candida tropicalis (12.70%). Histograms of stationary-growth-phase Candida albicans isolates demons- trated that the majority of population was in the G0/G1 phase of the DNA synthetic cycle (77.08%, 79.25%). By t-test, the cell proportion of G0/G1, G2M phase of clinic strains and controls had no statistical significance (t=2.012, 0.570. P=0.054, 0.573). The cell proportion of S phase had statistical significance (t=2.150, P=0.040). The averages of the total DNA content per cell of two-group strains were 2.01pg, 1.97pg. By t-test, the total DNA had no statistical significance (t=1.324, P=0.227). The averages of the PI of two-group strains were 25.28%, 20.75%. By t'-test, the PI had statistical significance (t'=2.183, P=0.038). The randomly amplified numbers of bands and the length of fragments of two-group strains were different. Even if the bands were identical, the fluorescence intensity that EB showed was different. However, the diversity of genes of two-group strains had no statistical significance by χ2-test. Conclusions: Males were major than females in the cases of deep fungus infection in patients with lung cancer. As the age increased, the cases increased. Respiratory tract was the main infection site. Candida albicans was still the most common among Candida species but its proportion in saluted strains had decreased. Non-Candida albicans gradually increased in clinic strains. The first was Candida glabrata and then Candida tropicalis. The proportion of infection caused by these two speci...
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