Risk Factors And Clinical Presentations Of Deep Venous Thrombosis: A Report Of 75 Cases

Objective This paper is to have a better understanding of the risk factors and clinical characters of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE). Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical cases in 75 patients with DVT treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from 1999 to 2003 was conducted to diagnose the patients with DVT and PTE by using Doppler echocardiography technique, radionuclide venography and contrast venography. Results Of the 75 cases with DVT, 11 cases were diagnosed as PTE(14. 7%) and 92% had risk factors, which the most common ones were patients aged over 40 (64.0%),long term immobilization (44.0%), operation (28.0%),trauma(21.3%),smoking (19.1%), infection (16%), varicosity of lower limbs (16%), hypertension (10.7%),diabetes (6.7%), tumor (6.7%), etc. The number of risk factors was increasing with growing age. The patients with DVT and PTE were mainly in Surgical Department of Vascular (50 cases, 66.7%), Respiratory Department (6 cases, 8%), Department of Orthopedics (5 cases, 6. 7%) and Department of General Surgery (7 cases, 9. 3%). Of 75 cases, 4 were in upper limbs, the rest were in The most commonly clinical presentations of DVT were swell (98.7%) and pain (90.5%) of the affected extremity. Some others had high temperature in partial skin (17 cases, 22%), cyanosis (15 cases, 20%), tenderness (11 cases, 14.7%), varicosity of vein (llcases, 14.7%), pigment of skin (10 cases, 13.3%) and so on. Patientswith the weakness of the lower limbs and with ulcer were rare. The most common site of DVT was in the femoral vein of left extremities. After treated with anticoagulant therapy, thrombolytic therapy or surgery, the mortality of DVT patients complicated with of PTE in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University was 18.2%; of DVT patients, 14.7% suffered from the complication of PTE, 63.6% of which were diagnosed prior to DVT. PTE was the direct cause of the death of DVT patients. Conclusion patients with DVT had no obvious symptoms before suffering from the complication of PTE. Therefore, it is essential to identify various risk factors and clinical presentations of DVT and to select suitable examination and treatment as early as possible, which are the key to prevent the incidence of PTE and decrease the mortality of PTE.