Expressions Of KAI1, EphA2 Gene And Correlation With Invasion, Metastasis And Prognosis In Esophageal Carcinoma

The carcinogenesis and metastasis of tumor are involved in the activation of proto-oncogene and the dysfunction of suppressor gene. The course for carcinogenesis, invasion and metastasis of tumor is complicated and involves in changes of a lot of genes and multi-step processes. By the methods of RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, the expressions of KAI1 gene and EphA2 gene were detected in esophageal carcinoma tissues and corresponding normal tissues. It was observed that expressions of KAI1 and EphA2 (mRNA and protein) correlated with pathologic characteristics. The correlation between KAI1 and EphA2 in the carcinogenesis and development of esophageal carcinoma (EC) could be further discussed. In addition, the paper studied the functions of KAI1 and EphA2 and the correlation of them both in carcinogenesis and development for esophageal carcinoma.Methods:1. The expressions of KAI1 and EphA2 protein were observed in 160 casesof surgically resected esophageal squamous carcinoma specimens by the method of immunohistochemistry, which including 160 cases of carcinoma tissues and 150 cases of corresponding normal tissues.2. The expressions of KAII and EphA2 mRNA were observed in 60 cases of surgically resected esophageal squamous carcinoma specimens by the method of RT-PCR, which including 60 cases of carcinoma tissues and 60 cases of corresponding normal tissues.3. The functions of KAII and EphA2 in the carcinogenesis and development of esophageal carcinoma were discussed. The relationship between KAII and EphA2 and their influence to the formation of invasion and metastasis in esophageal carcinoma were observed in the experiment.Results:1. The expressions of KAII protein were higher significantly in normal tissues than those in carcinoma tissues (P=0. 00) and were higher significantly in carcinoma tissues without lymph node metastasis than those in carcinoma tissues with lymph node metastasis (p=0. 01). It was not found that KAII protein expressions were correlated with carcinoma differentiation and the depth of invasion (p>0.05).2. The expressions of KAII mRNA showed no difference between esophageal normal tissues and carcinoma tissues (p>0. 05). It was not observed that KAII mRNA expressions were related to carcinoma differentiation, the depth of invasion and lymph node metastasis (p>0. 05) .3. There was no significant correlation between expressions of KAII protein and KAII mRNA (p>0. 05).4. The expressions of EphA2 protein were higher significantly in carcinoma tissues than those in normal tissues (p=Q. 00). The expressions of EphA2 in deeper invasing group and group with lymph node metastasis were significantly higher than those in superficial invasing group and group without lymph node metastasis GXO. 05). It was not observed thatEphA2 protein expressions were related to with carcinoma differentiation (p>0. 05) .5. The expressions of EphA2 mRNA showed no difference between esophageal normal tissues and carcinoma tissues Co>0. 05) . It was not found that EphA2 mRNA expressions were related to carcinoma differentiation, the depth of invasion and lymph node metastasis (p>0. 05).6. There was no significant correlation between expressions of EphA2 protein and EphA2 mRNA (p>0. 05).7. The significant negative correlation was observed between the expressions of KAI1 protein and EphA2 protein in carcinoma tissues with lymph node metastasis (p=0. 02). The trend of the negative correlation in deeper invasing group (p=0. 10) was more obvious than that in superficial invasing group (p=Q. 61).Conclusion:1. The expressions of KAI1 protein were higher significantly in normal tissues than those in carcinoma tissues. The expressions of KAI1 protein were higher significantly in group without lymph node metastatis than those in group with lymph node metastatis. It was indicated that the carcinogenesis and metastasis of esophageal carcinoma may be related to reduced expressions of KAI1 protein.2. The decreased expressions of KAI1 protein in carcinoma tissues were not approved in the level of mRNA.