| Onychomycosis is an infectious disease, which is chronic, obstinate, inaesthetic and infected by fungi. In this thesis, researching the ontogeny of nail fungi, which were isolated from onychomycosis suffers, is in order to define Taxonomic position and discuss molecular technology application in classification.1. In vitro modeling experiments define that strains Flu and Dh, are pathogeny of onychomycosis.2. The study, DNA extraction at different growth phase, shows extraction of filamentous fungi DNA should be at logarithmic phase.According to 18S rDNA sequence analysis and rDNA ITS sequence analysts, shows strain Fh4 belongs to Fungi Imperfecti—Sphaeropsidales—Sphaeropsidaceae-Phoma and strain Dh3 belongs to Imperfecti—Moniliales—Monilialiaceae—Acremonium3. The study, systematic morphological method of strain Fh4, shows that 28℃ and pH 6.5-7.0 are the optimum growth conditions. The color of strain Fh4 colony from white to red and darkish-yellow at last; hyphae hyalinis, septa, branch growth; Articular hyphae; conidia unicellularibus, red, ellipsoideis; pycnidii sphaeroideis, blackish-brown, hole in the head, release conidiis; sexual stage absent The study of strain Dh3 shows that .Its optimal temperature was 28℃ and optimal pH 6.0-7.0. colony colour rosiness on Czapek Dox Agar; nutrient hyphae groveling growth, branch, smooth-walled, septa, 1.5μm diam, conidial peduncle scattered, phialides simple, arising from hyphae, awl-shaped, 2838μm long, columniform, conidia in long chains, single, spore ellipsoidal, smooth-walled> 4.45.2 × 1.42.0μm, chlamydospores absent, pycnidii sphaeroideis absent.4. According above what we had research, related materials and the species key, shows that strain Dh3 belongs to Acremonium egyptiacum; strain Fh4 belongs to Phoma. In the past, scientist named fungus in Phoma by plant which was infected, so that a fungus has many names .Until now there is no report that Onychomycosis is infected by fungus in Phoma ,so strain Fh4 needs a new name.
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