| Objective: Survivin is a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (LAP), which inhibits apoptosis and regulates cell division, and is closely related to pathogenesis, progress and prognosis of tumors. Our study intends to investigate the expression and significance of survivin gene in childhood acute leukemia(AL).Methods: The expression of survivin gene were examined by RT-PCR in bone marrow cells from 42 cases of incipient or relapsed childhood acute leukemia. 13 cases of complete remission AL (AL-CR) and 15 children without malignant diseases in control group.Results: The rate and level of survivin mRNA expression in AL group were 78.6% and 0.525, which were remarkably higher than those in control group and complete remission group (P<0.01). Between relapsed group and incipient group, the level of survivin mRNA expression was significantly different (P<0.01). Survivin mRNA expression had no difference between acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute non-lymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) (P>0.05), and so that between complete remission group and control group (P>0.05). (2)Among patients in incipient group, the level of survivin mRNA expression in patients with high white blood cell (WBC) count (≥50×10~9/L) is higher than that in those with low WBC count (WBC<50×10~9/L) (P<0.01) ; there was also significantly different between high-risk group and standard-risk group (P<0.01). (3)We had an effect evaluation on 19 cases of incipient or relapsed patients. The survivin mRNA expression level in the patients who achieved complete remission (CR) was significantly lower than that in patients with no remission (NR) both before and after chemotherapy (P<0.05). There was significantly higher in the expression level of survivin mRNA before chemotherapy than that after complete remission (P<0.01), but had no difference in NR patients (P>0.05).Conclusions: (1) The expression of survivin mRNA was quite high in childhood AL. High level expression of survivin gene could contribute to the...
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