| Benzene is a heavily used industrial chemical, a hematotoxin and carcinogen, is ubiquitous in the environment. Exposure to benzene may result in benzene poisoning, aplastic anaemia, and leukemia.The mechanism of benzene poisoning is not known completely. Recent years, it is the development of the molecular biological technology that bring us hopes to know more about the molecule mechanism of the illness induced by benzene. But up to today, there is no report about the research to explore the systematical gene differential expression in the patient exposed to benzene.Objective: To study and research the change of tumor related genes in peripheral blood leucocyte of workers which have different levels of getting poisoned and investigate the mechanism of benzene induced leukemia.Method: Seven women workers were choosed from shoe-factories who diagnosed as benzene poisoning by authority occupational disease diagnose groups, including one doubtful benzene poisoning, two chronical light degree, two chronical moderate degree, one chronical heavy degree and one aplastic anemia. Seven female workers were selected as control who are examined as healthy people and not contact poison. The experimental groups and control are one-to-one matched by their ages (varying of three years), gender (all female), degree of education, smoking habits and drinking habits.Peripheral mononuclear cells were isolated, the RNA were extracted through Trizol and purified, then identified by agarose gel electrophoresis. The RNA were reverse transcription to cDNAs with concomitant incorporation of fluorescent dCTP (Cy3 or Cy5). Cy3 was used to fluorescent labeling experimental samples, Cy5 for fluorescent labeling control samples. The cDNAs were used as probes in microarray of 2780 cloned cDNA. Fluorescent signals were scanned to detect the genes differentially expression in patients and normal subjects. The gene expression profiles of peripheral white blood cell in benzene poisoning were analysis by cluster analysis software.Result: Among 7 cDNA microarray of 2780 tumour related genes, the expression of 16 genes increased, whereas that of 28 genes decreased. All genes had been registered in GENEBANK. Up-regulation oncogenes are classified according to the function of protein production: ?growth factor, such as GRO1, GRO2 and TGFBR3; ?protein kinase, for example RAF-1, PIM2 and LYN; ?mitochondria membrane factor, BCL2; ?RAS family, RAP1A, RALB; and interferon induced transmembrane protein l(IFITMl), malignant cell expression-enhanced gene/ tumor progression-enhanced gene (LENG4) ,myeloid cell nuclear differentiation antigen (MNDA) , chromosome 20 open reading frame 3 (C20ORF3) , SET translocation (myeloid leukemia-associated). Anti-oncogene, such as FAU, DOC1, ING1, BRCA2, TP53, VHL expression decreased.The results of cluster analysis is that part of differential expression gene clustering together according to gene expression profiles, 2 benzene poisoning patients of chronical light degree clustering together, chronical moderate degree is similar to light degree, but doubtful benzene poisoning, chronical heavy degree and aplastic anemia not obviously regularity.Conclusion: Study showed that the increased expression oncogene such as GRO1, GRO2, TGFBR3, RAF-1, PIM2, BCL2, LYN, RAP1A, RALB, IFITM1, LENG4, MNDA, C20ORF3, SET which maybe the early step and the significance signal of the cell canceration. The decreased expression of anti-oncogene FAU, DOC1, ING1, BRCA2, TP53, VHL suggest the deactivation, absence or mutation of the function. In this situation, cell has a malignant reverse and forms to be tumor. The decreased expression of oncogenes, such as FOSB, MCT-1, DJ-1, JUN, MAP3K8, JUNB.etc maybe cause of the decrease of leucocyte.Cluster analysis classified the samples into different disease types depend on gene expression profiles. Concerning the clinical analysis is connected to the gene differential expression.
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