Separation, Purification And Structure Analysis Of Water-Soluble Polysaccharide AMP From The Fruiting Body Of Armillaria Mellea

Armillaria mellea belongs to Armillaria Staude, Tricholomataceae, Hymenomycetes, Basidiomycetae and is also called"zhenmo"in China. Armillaria mellea accretes with the famous Chinese traditional medicine Rhizoma Gastrodiae. It is a kind of both officinal and edible fungi. The substance distilled from Armillaria mellea has the similar pharmacological activity and clinic curative effect to that of Rhizoma Gastrodiae, and has no poisonous effect or side effect. The substance has the function of antitumor, anti-inflammation and anti-radiation and has immunomodulatory effect. The substance also can calm the centrum and improve some cordis and cerebral vas diseases, such as cerebral griddy syndrome, vas headache and apoplexy sequela. In this paper, the structure feature of water soluble polysaccharide isolated from the fruiting body of Armillaria mellea is reported. The results may provide an academic basis for the pharmacological function and clinic application of Armillaria mellea.The crude polysaccharide was freezed-melted repeatedly and deprotinized by protenase and Sevage method. Furthermore,the classifying precipitation in ethanol and Sepharose CL-6B gel chromatography was used to obtain the fraction of AMP. By means of Sephadex G-100,DEAE-Sephadex A-25,HPLC and specific optical rotation measurement,it was proved to be homogeneous on molecular weight and polar as well. Its molecular weigh was about 7600. The gas chromatography (GC) indicated that AMP was a kind of neutral heteropolysaccharide and composed of glucose,galactose,mannose and fucose.The IR,GC,partial hydrolysis with acid,periodate oxidation,Smith degradation,13C NMR,methylation and GC-MS analysis of AMP show that it is a lowly branched molecule. AMP is mainly made up ofαconfiguration glycosidic bond with minorβconfiguration glycosidic bond. Its basic structure is composed of major (1→6)linked glcose and minor (1→3)linked fucose. The side chain is composed of (1→3,6)linked mannose,(1→6)linked galactose and (2→4)linked galactose(f),and are substituted at 2-O of glucose and 6-O of mannose. On average,there are 1 branch among 4 main chain residues. The nonreduced end is glucose.