| Background:Atrial fibrillation is the most common clinical arrhythmia, and the growth of their age increased morbidity. AF affects not only the patient's heart function and can lead to thrombosis, embolism and complications, thus seriously affecting the quality of life of patients, and have some morbidity and mortality. Therefore, to reinforce the prevention and cure study of AF has important clinical significance. In recent years, as one of the pathogenesis of inflammatory factors have paid much attention to, and a number of studies at home and abroad have been show inflammation plays an important role in patients with coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular accident..However, the study of inflammation in the role of AF was relatively small. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (HS-CRP) is an important systemic inflammatory markers and cardiovascular disease risk prediction factor. Recently, the possibility that the association of inflammation with AF has captured the attention of many researchers. Objective:To explore the correlation between serum high sensitive C-reactive protein(HS-CRP) and occurrence and maintenance of atrial fibrillation. Methods:Study group: We recruited 124 atrial fibrillation patients who admitted to the Shandong Provincial Hospital between May 2005 and August 2006 and divided them into two groups: paroxysmal atrial fibrillation group (48cases), persistent atrial fibrillation group(76cases); and control group was the patients of non-atrial fibrillation (sinus rhythm) who hospitalized at the same time (56cases). We exclude recently acute coronary syndrome, the recent history of surgical and trauma, various acute and chronic infectious diseases, rheumatism, disease of immune system, severe hepatican and/or renal dysfunction and cancer.Study method: All patients had asked indetail about the history, physical check-up, electrocardiography(ECG) and routine examination after they admitted to hospital. And hospitalized patients was collected fresh venous blood 2ml in the early morning of the second day, and the serum high sensitive C-reactive protein(HS-CRP) content in each group were measured by immunofixation reagent micronize enhanced. Statistical analysis:All data were analyzed with the SPSS 11.5 software. All measurement data wereexpressed as the mean ± standard deviation( x ± s), and the data was compared withthe t examination or Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). A p value of <0.05 wasconsidered statistically significant. Results:(1) In the group of patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, the average serumHS-CRP level was 4.26 ±1.12 mg/L, higher than that of control group (1.28 ± 0.99 mg/L); (2) In the group of patients with persistent atrial fibrillation, the average of serum HS-CRP level was 5.35 ± 1.11 mg/L, higher than that of control group (1.28 ± 0.99 mg/L); (3) Levels in three groups were compared, with the result that the level of HS-CRP in the group of persistent atrial fibrillation was the highest, and that of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation group followed, and the levels in both groups were higher than that of the control group. The results also showed that they had statistically different (P <0.05); (4) In the various causes of atrial fibrillation, hypertension atrial fibrillation patients was 64 cases, and the average HS-CRP level was 4.79 ± 1.10mg/L; valvular atrial fibrillation patients was 22 cases, and that level was 5.46 ± 1.32mg/L; coronary heart disease atrial fibrillation patients was 18 cases, and that level was 5.76 ± 1.22mg/L; lone atrial fibrillation patients was 20 cases, and that level was 4.03 ± 0.82mg/L. As we can see that coronary heart disease atrial fibrillation patients's HS-CRP level was highest, and was followed by valvular disease, hypertension, lone atrial fibrillation.Conclusions:(1) The AF group compared to the control group, the sinus HS-CRP level was significantly increased, P <0.05, and compared between groups was statistically significant. It indicates that the inflammation may play some role in the occurrence of atrial fibrillation; (2) Compared to the serum HS-CRP levels of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation group, that of persistent atrial fibrillation patients was significantly increased and had significant difference. The difference shows inflammation may also play some role in the development and maintenance of atrial fibrillation; (3) In the various causes of atrial fibrillation, coronary heart disease atrial fibrillation patients's HS-CRP level was highest, and was followed by valvular disease, hypertension, lone atrial fibrillation. The results show that the elevation of HS-CRP level may also correlates with the reason of atrial fibrillation. Significance:The study found that the elevated levels of HS-CRP may be involved in the occurrence of atrial fibrillation, and it indicates that the inflammatory reaction may promote the occurrence and maintenance of atrial fibrillation. But it still could not explain the causal relationship between the inflammation and the atrial fibrillation. The results of this study will help clinicians in two ways: first, CRP provided new options for the treatment of atrial fibrillation. Such as the use of statin drugs, angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) drugs to be lower the level of CRP that may help to improve the AF patient's symptoms and reduce complications; Secondly, CRP levels can be used as. a markers of recurrence of atrial fibrillation. Positively anti-inflammatory interventions may can reduce the frequency of the paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, and postpone the time of the persistent atrial fibrillation.
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