| Diabetic retinopathy (DRP) is the most familiar disease of retina, and is the main complication in eye department to the diabetes, is also one of the most main diseases in eye department to cause to be blind. Coping means any effort to prevent, remove or take off the stressor, whether which is healthily or not, consciously or unconsciously, it maybe bear the influence of stressors within a minimum of painful way. Coping style means the typical tendency of the way one is used to solve problems, which also can be thought as the strategy (or method) one usually used to reply a series of and extensive stressors.Because the patients with DRP have visual alteration, self-care deficit, which could produce a very heavy psychological stress, even will bring them a series of other body and mind diseases, causing their living quality decline. In this case, how will the patients to reply the disease and which coping style will be chose will influence the aftermath of the disease directly. The aim of this research is to study the coping style of the patients with DRP and analyze therelated influencing factors of that, and provide reference for us to intervene in the patients to choose a reasonable coping style effectively, and also provide a reliable basis to community nursing work in the future.We selected 193 inpatients in the ophthalmology department of the second clinical hospital of Jilin University who were diagnosed as DRP from March 2006 to February 2007, except who has psychosis, who has a deficiency or impairment in intelligence, who can't express what he was thinking about exactly, and who has other serious diseases. They filled in the self-designed general condition assessment scale, MCMQ, EPQ and SCL-90 by the help of professional nurses who had been trained specially. If the patient was sober, who could understand and answer the questions, we consider the questionnaire was effective, we callback 176 effective questionnaires, and the effective rate is 91.2%.The results:(1)The scores of confrontation, acceptance- resignation and avoidance were 13.32±1.96, 13.07±2.60 and 12.62±2.17 respectively. There was significant difference(P<0.01). There was significant difference in sex, age, occupation, educationallevel, disease course, economical status in confrontation(P<0.01). In the coping style of avoidance, there was significant difference among the patients with age and educational level (P<0.01).There was significant difference in age, occupation, educational level and economical status in acceptance-resignation (P<0.01). (2) Avoidance coping style was obviously negative related with introversion- extroversion (P<0.01), acceptance-resignation coping style was obviously positive related with mood (P<0.01). (3) Multiple regression analysis revealed that age, occupation, economical status were the main factors of the confrontation (P<0.05, P<0.01). Educational level, age, introversion-extroversion were the main factors of the avoidance (P<0.05, P<0.01). Educational level and moodiness were the main factors of the acceptance-resignation (P<0.05, P<0.01). (4) There was significant difference in SCL-90 total scores and scores of ten factors between the patients with DRP and the normal ones (P<0.01). (5) Correlated analysis on psychosomatic symptoms showed that confrontation was obviously negative related with fear index of SCL-90 (P<0.05), avoidance was obviously negative related with anxiety, crankiness and total scoresof SCL-90 (P<0.05, P<0.01), while acceptance-resignation was obviously positive related with anxiety index and fear index of SCL-90 (P<0.05).We can draw the conclusions after we have analyzed the results. (1) The female patients with DRP will choose more confrontation coping style than the male ones do; the patients with DRP less than 35 years old will choose more confrontation and avoidance coping styles, choose less acceptance-resignation coping style; the leaders with DRP will choose more confrontation coping style, choose less acceptance-resignation coping style; the patients with DRP whose educational level are lower than the junior high school level, will choose less confrontation and avoidance coping styles, choose more acceptance-resignation coping style; the patients with DRP whose disease course within 3 years will choose more confrontation coping styles; the patients with DRP whose family average income is more than 2000 yuan every month will choose more confrontation coping styles, choose less acceptance-resignation coping style.(2) Avoidance coping style was obviously negative related with introversion-extroversion, it is that if the patients with DRP moreintroversion, they will choose more avoidance coping style, if the patients with DRP more extroversion, they will choose less avoidance coping style. Acceptance-resignation coping style was obviously positive related with mood, in another word, if the patients with DRP have a good mood, they will choose less acceptance-resignation coping style, if have a bad one, they will choose more acceptance-resignation coping style. (3) Age, occupation and economical status are the main factors of the confrontation. Educational level, age, introversion-extroversion are the main factors of the avoidance. Educational level and moodiness are the main factors of the acceptance-resignation. (4) The patients with DRP have typical body and mind symptoms, and have psychology problems in different degrees. Confrontation is negative related with fear index of SCL-90, avoidance is negative related with anxiety, crankiness and total scores of SCL-90, while acceptance- resignation is positive related with anxiety index and fear index of SCL-90.Coping activity is complicated, which coping style the patient with DRP should choose is decided by many factors, we need torealize it through a comprehensive research path in the work. We should consider the influence of each factor for some one individual completely in the daily nursing work, at first we need to assess the patient with DRP exactly, then according to his general conditions, personality characteristic and behavior characteristic, give the right direction to them, help them choose an active coping style, avoid the passive ones.
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