Expression And Significance Of CD44v6 And P63 Protein In Buccal Squamous Cell Carcinomas

Objective To study biological significance of CD44v6 and p63 protein expression in buccal squamous cell carcinomas (BSCC ).Methods Immunohistochemical method was used to examine the expression of CD44v6 and p63 protein in 52 cases of BSCC ,10 cases of atypical hyperplasia and 10 cases of normal buccal mucosa.Result of research1. In normal tissue of buccal mucosa: The positive expression rate of protein CD44v6 is 90.0%, and all of them are strong positive expression. The protein expresses in cellular membrane of basal cell layer and prickle cell layer. There is no expresses in cuticular layer in the surface. The positive expression rate of protein p63 is 30.0%, The positive expression densely lies in basal cell layer of epithelium mucosa.2. In atypical hyperplastic tissue of buccal mucosa: The positive expression rate of protein CD44v6 is 80%, the strong positive expression is lower than the above result, 62.5%(5/8). And it expressed in basal cell layer(8/8) and in prickle cell layer(3/8) , but the color is lighter. There is no color in cuticular layer in the surface. The positive expression rate of protein p63 is 40%. Layers of positive expression increase. They mainly lie in basal cell layer of epithelium mucosae and reach up to a few cells of prickle cell layer. And they condense in basal cell layer.3. In BSCC tissue: The positive expression rate of protein CD44v6 is 55. 8% (29/52) , the strong positive expression is not seen. It mainly lies in basal cell layer. Seldom in cellular membrane of prickle cell layer. The positive expression rate of protein p63 is 90. 4% (47/52) . Positive expression mainly around the cancerous nest. The distribution of the positive cell varies according to the differentiation of carcinoma cell. In middle and lower differentiated non-cornification carcinoma, the distribution of positive cell is diffuse. In keratinocyte of high differentiated carcinoma, the expression is weak positive or negative.4. Result of immunohistochemical staining statistic analysis: The differences of protein CD44v6 and p63 positive expression rates between they are in BSCC tissue (55.8 and 90.4% respectively) and in normal buccal tissue (90% and 30.0% respectively), and between they are in BSCC tissue and in atypical hyperplastic tissue (80% and 40% respectively) are significant(P<0.05). The expression of CD44 and p63 have no relationship with gender, age, tumor classification, pathological differentiation. CD44v6 is relevant with invasion style and lymphatic node metastasis of BSCC, while p63 has no relevance with lymphatic node metastasis of BSCC.Conclusion: CD44v6 and p63 might participate in the regulation of generation anddeve-lopment process of BSCC. The expression of CD44v6 in BSCC tissue is descent and has no relevance with the gender, age, tumor classification and differentiated degree, but it is close relevant with the invasion style and local lymphatic metastasis. So, it can be utilized as a useful marker of BSCC for detection and prediction of prognosis. The expression of p63 in BSCC tissue is ascent. It may be a carcinoma marker from squamous epithelium, it play a role as oncogene. It can be a useful marker for BSCC detection. CD44v6 and p63 have independent function in generation, development, metastasis and aversion of BSCC.