| Objective: To explore the effect of decreasing plasma homocysteine by taking oral administration of folic acid and MTHFR gene polymorphism in population of essential hypertension. Methods: We carried out a hypertensive research in Anqing community AnHui province China, from July, 2005 to February, 2006. A total number of 637 eligible male patients with essential hypertension were recruited. The recruits were randomizedly splitted into two groups: One group was treated by oral daily 0.8 mg folic acid combined with anti-hypertensive drug, and the other control group by anti-hypertensive drug alone. During the treatment period, there were 70 subjects missing and 35 without the key variables. In the final data analysis, therefore, the trial group is 249, and the control group is 283. Homocysteine (Hcy) concentrations in plasma were measured by HPLC technique and MTHFR C677T polymorphisms was genotyped by PCR-RFLP technique. Results: (1) The total plasma homocysteine concentration descended 2.03±3.83μmol/L in treatment group with folic acid and anti-hypertensive combination therapy and 0.41±3.14μmol/L in control group by anti-hypertensive drug alone. The decreasing of Hcy level is higher in trial group than that in control group. (2) The basic plasma Hcy level in subjects with TT genotype(21.8±10.1μmol/L) is significantly higher than that in CC (13.2±4.4μmol/L) and CT genotype (14.4±5.0μmol/L) . (3) There is a significant reduction of plasma Hcy level by oral administration of folic acid, where the descending of TT genotype(4.37±5.87μmol/L) is higher than that of CC(1.59±3.11μmol/L) or CT (1.76±3.51μmol/L) genotype. However in the control group, there are no significant changes in plasma Hcy level. Conclusion: Taking oral folic acid can descend plasma Hcy level significantly, especially in MTHFR 677 TT genotype.
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