Changes And Significance Of IL-10 TGF-β In Serum Of Patients With Latent Autoimmune Diabetes In Adults

ObjectiveLatent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults(LADA)is one of the subtypes of type 1 diabetes.Ever since regulatory T cells(Treg)were found in autoimmune and other immune related diseases of animals and human,it has been researched a lot more. Treg can induce auto- or nonauto-immune tolerance.The characteristics and functions of Treg are closed related to surface molecules and cytokines,such as IL-4,IL-10,and TGF-β,etc.Treg also correlated with autoimmune diabetes.Recently it has been reported that disturbance of immune functions,especially functional absence of inhibitory immune cells,leading to more activation of effective immune cells,then inducing autoimmune diabetes.In the present study we examined changes of IL-10 TGF-βin peripheral blood of patients with LADA,and investigated the significance of these cytokines in development of LADA.Methods1.1 subjects1.1.1 30 LADA patients(including 13 male and 17 female),33-63 years old with 1-12 months span of diseases were involved in LADA groups.All the patients did not receive insulin or immune treatment,did not have acute or chronic infections,or other autoimmune diseases before our experiment.The diagnosis standards of LADA were as follows:â‘ above 30 years old when getting DM.â‘¡no acetonemia during the half year after getting diseases.â‘¢being diagnosed DM according to standards of WHO, 1999.â‘£positive expression of GAD-Ab and ICA.1.1.2 30 type2 diabtes patients(including 14 male and 16 female),40-68 years old with 1-12 months span of diseases were involved in T2DM patients.All patients were diagnosed as type2 diabetes mellitus according to standards of WHO,1999,with no acetonemia,negative GAD-Ab and ICA,no acute or chronic infections,or other autoimmune diseases,and with no insulin or immune treatment before the experiment.1.1.3 30 healthy volunteers(including 13 male and 17 female),36-67 years old were recruited in normal control groups.All volunteers did not have acute or chronic infections,or other autoimmune diseases,or family history of diabetes.All subjects have normal blood glucose levels of fasting and two-hour postprandial,with negative GAD-Ab and ICA.1.2 methodAll patients were tested height and body weight to get BMI,tested waist to get WHR. Peripheral blood was taken fastingly to examine ICA,GAD-Ab,FPG,liver and kidney function,total cholesterol,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C and HbA₁C.Peripheral blood was taken 2h after OGTT to get 2h PG,Levels of IL-10 and TGF-βfrom serum of peripheral blood of all subjects.ResultsIL-10 levels in LADA patients were significantly lower than that in T2DM patients(p＜0.05),and markedly higher than normal control volunteers(p＜0.05).There was no statistical significance of TGF-βbetween LADA and T2DM paticents. ConclusionsThe lower concentration of inhibitory cytokine IL-10 in LADA was in consistent with the decreasing tendency of CD4+CD25+T cells.The results suggest that in LADA patients imbalance of cell immune exists,which can not maintain autoimmune tolerance effectively,thus leading to progressive demolition ofβ-cells.