Studies On Chemical Constituents Of Fructus Jujubae

Fructus jujubae is one kind of traditional Chinese medicine which was officially recorded by Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China. It is the fruit of Ziziphus jujube which belonged to Rhamnaceae. And it tastes sweet, and act on the spleen and stomach Channels. In addition, it can strengthen the middle warmer, tonify didney the pneuma, nourishing blood, calm the nerves and alleviate the drug property, and was mainly used to cure anorexia with spleen deficiency, hypodynamia and hysteria of womam and so on in traditional Chinese clinics. According to literatures, saponins, flavonoids and alkaloids were isolated from the organic solvent extracts of Fructus jujubae. But the water soluble chemical constitunents of Fructus jujubae have not been reported. In order to found the active components in the water extracts of Fructus jujubae, establish a new quality control standard of Fructus jujubae, the water soluble chemical constituents of Fructus jujubae were studied.Firstly, twelve compounds were isolated from the water extracts of Fructus jujubae by using silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, macroporous resin and other chromatograph techniques, eight of them were indentified by using various spectrometric approaches, including UV, ¹HNMR,¹³CNMR, H-HCOSY, HMQC, HMBC, EI-MS, ESI-MS and so on. These eight compounds were identified as aromatic acid, coumarin, triterpenoid saponin, triterpene, flavanoids, benzylalcohol glycosides and sterols respectively. And their structures were elucidated respectively as 4-hydroxy-3- methoxybenzoic acid(DZ-1), scopoletin(DZ-2), jujuboside B(DZ-3), oleanolic acid(DZ-4), quercetin(DZ-5), zizybeosideâ…¡(DZ-6), rutin (DZ-7) and daucosterol(DZ-8). Compounds DZ-1,DZ-2,DZ-5,DZ-6 and DZ-8 were isolated from this species for the first time. Compounds DZ-1,DZ-2 were separated from genus Ziziphus for the first time.The previous studies showed that the benzylalcohol glycosides posessed various effects, such as anti-neurocyte apoptosis, anti-bacterial, anti- inflammation, anti-virus, anti- tumor, anti-oxidation, immunoloregulation, hypermnesia and liver and heart protection, so a HPLC method was established to determine the content of zizybeosideâ…¡in twelve test specimens of Fructus jujubae which were collected from different locations. And the results indicated that zizybeosideâ…¡could be detected in all these test specimens and the content was from 0.013% to 0.041%. The spample having the highest content was from Shanxi Shilou. The contain of zizybeosideâ…¡was higher than 0.015% in 91.6% of samples, and only the samples from Shijiazhuang of Hebei province was lower than 0.015% .This method was proved to be a simple,reliable and with good reproducibility so it can be used to control the quality of Fructus jujubae.