Study On The Chemical Composition Of The Extractive From The Episperm Of Torreya Grandis

Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction was firstly adopted to research the extraction technology of volatile oil and carry out the identification of the constituents from the episperm of torreya grandis in this paper. The paper compared it with the traditional extracting method (steam distillation and solvent extraction) in the extraction time, extract characters, the yield of extraction methods and characteristics of the composition. The work was carried out as follows:1. It was studied about the extraction pressure, extraction temperature, the extraction time, separate temperature and carbon dioxide flux and so on single factor which can cause different influence to the yield of extractive in this experiment. As the separation pressure was identified in isolation 5 Mpa pressure and carbon dioxide flux was 15 kg/h, suitable conditions were determined based on the orthogonal experiment of the four factors and the four levels as follows: extraction pressure 15 MPa, extraction temperature 45℃, extraction time 120 min, separation temperature 35℃. In these conditions, the yield of extractive was 17.5 %.2. 40 components included in the extractive were identified, which was extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction from the episperm of Torreya grandis, and most of them were analyzed to be Terpenoids by gas chromatography and GC-MS, the larger relative content were torreyagrandate (14.90 %) and 7,15-pimaradien-3-one (14.45 %). The extractive was gained by steam distillation, more relative content were limonene (32.90 %) andβ-pinene (13.48 %). The product was received by solvent extraction, the more relatively content were limonene (21.68 %) andα-pinene (24.16 %).3. The major constituent of compounds were diterpenoid with being extracted by using supercritical carbon dioxide extraction; comparatively, the most of the product by the steam distillation method was the single terpenes olefins which was low boiling point.4. The content of the diterpenoids with high boiling point relatively higher in the extractive by using solvent extraction and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction. However, the low boiling point compounds will be more with solvent extraction, and the chemical composition of product was more comprehensive, more balanced distribution based on functional groups.5. It was showed that supercritical carbon dioxide extraction method was so superior to the traditional extracting method for the extraction time, the extract of traits, yield and so on. Using supercritical carbon dioxide extraction method, it can analyze the relative value of the various components more comprehensive. Some of the valuable compounds would be used in the future and this work provided the necessary basis.