Study On The Relationship Between Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome And Cadiovascular Diseases

Background:Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome(OSAHS) is generally hypopnea and apnea caused by repetitive closure of the upper airway with symptoms,such as snoring,sleep disordered breathing, frequent oxygen desaturation and daytime somnolence.The odds ratio of cardiovascular diseases in patients with OSAHSis much higher than ordinary community.Many study showed that OSAHSis a independent risk factor of cardiovascular diseases all over the world. OSAHSassociated with cardiovascular diseases is a focus of study field.Much many scholars believe that nocturnal hypoxemia of OSAHSpatients may induced the increased incidence of cardiovascular dieseases through several mechanisms.And studies all over the world show that the level of hypoxia is associated with the incidence of cardiovascular dieseases in OSAHSpatients and the level of cardiovascular dieseases.OSAHSpatients showed a different level of metabolic disorder that is a hematologic change caused by hypoxemia. Therefore, we can speculate that OSAHSpatients' PSG data and hematologic parameters can help us learn about cardiovascular dieseases associated with OSAHS,and furthermore have a better understanding between OSAHSand cardiovascular dieseases.Methods:We selected 48 masculine patients diagnosed as OSAHSby PSG,according to AHI,and divide them into 3 groups:mild OSAHS(5≤AHI≤20),moderate OSAHS(21≤AHI≤40) and severe OSAHS(AHI>40). And we selected 23 simple snorers as a control group. There was no significant difference of age in each group. All subjects were free of hepatic and renal diseases,hypothyroidism,acromegaly and chronic respiratory diseases. And height(m) and weight(kg) were measured for body mass index(BMI).Blood were obtained next morning after hospitalisation for hemoglobin(HGB),hematocrit(HCT),fasting blood glucose(FBG),total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) and blood pressure(BP) was measured twice a day and the mean value was taken.The prevalence of hypertension,cardiac ischemia,heart failure,nocturnal tachycardia and bradycardia was recorded.Results:BMI,hemoglobin(HGB),hematocrit(HCT),fasting blood glucose(FBG), total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), systolic and diastolic pressures and the prevalence of hypertension in patients with OSAHSwere significantly different compared to control respectively (P<0.05),and there is no difference(P>0.05) in the prevalence of cardiac ischemia and heart failure between 2 groups.The prevalence of triglyceride(TG),hypertension and nocturnal tachycardia in patients with mild and moderate OSAHSwere significantly different compared to control (P<0.05),and there is no difference(P>0.05) in BMI,hemoglobin(HGB),hematocrit(HCT),fasting blood glucose(FBG), total cholesterol(TC) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL- C), systolic and diastolic pressures and the prevalence of cardiac ischemia,heart failure and nocturnal bradycardia between 2 groups.The prevalence of hypertension in OSAHSpatients is 56%,much higher than the control(13%),the prevalence of hypertension in severe OSAHS- patients(72%) is higher than mild and moderate ones(32%).The prevalence of cardiac ischemia and heart failure in OSAHSpatients are 15% and 8% respectively,and higher than the control.The prevalence of cardiac ischemia,heart failure,nocturnal bradycardia and nocturnal tachycardia in OSAHSpatients are 20%,12%,44% and 72% respectively,all higher than 9%,4%,26%和43% in mild and moderate ones.Conclusions:There is a certain association between OSAHSand cardiovascular diseases.The prevalence of hypertension is higher in OSAHSpatients than control.The more severe OSAHSis,the higher prevalence of hypertension is.We should pay attention that whether hypertensives complicated with OSAHS.The prevalence of cardiova- scular diseases is higher in OSAHSpatients than normal community.