The Biological Significance And The Related Molecular Mechanism Of AKT-2, Galectin-3 And MMP-2 Protein Expression In Lung Cancer Progression Tissue Microarray

Objective:We intended to detect the expressions of AKT-2,Galectin-3 and MMP-2 protein in lung cancer progression tissue microarray and to discuss their roles in lung cancer genesis and progress and analyze the probable molecular mechanism.With these results,we wanted to put our discoveries into the clinicopathological diagnosis, prognosis evaluation and gene therapy.Material and Method:We used SP immunohistochemistry method to detect the expressions of AKT-2, Galectin-3and MMP-2protein in tissue microarray with 270 cores,in which there were 89 cases of primary lung cancer,12 cases of lymph node metastasis of lung cancer,12 cases of precancerous lesion and 10 cases of normal lung tissue.All data were processed by SPSS version 11.5 analysis software.Result:1.AKT-2 protein were respectively detected in 10.0%(1/10),33.3%(4/12),74.3% (66/89) and 83.3%(10/12) of normal lung tissue,precancerous lesion,primary lung cancer and lymph node metastasis of lung cancer;the positive rate of AKT-2 protein in primary lung cancer and lymph node metastasis of lung cancer were significantly higher than that of normal lung tissue and precancerous lesion(p＜0.05).In primary lung cancer,the expression of AKT-2 protein had significantly positive correlation with the lymph node metastasis and clinical stages of lung cancer(p＜0.05).The positive rate of AKT-2 protein was significantly higher in the group with lymph node metastasis than that without lymph node metastasis(p＜0.05);it was higher in the group ofⅢ+Ⅳstage than inⅠ+Ⅱstage(p＜0.05).2.Galectin-3 protein were respectively detected in 10.0%(1/10),41.7%(5/12),68.5% (61/89) and 75.0%(9/12) of normal lung tissue,precancerous lesion,primary lung cancer and lymph node metastasis of lung cancer;the positive rate of Galectin-3 protein in primary lung cancer and lymph node metastasis of lung cancer was significantly higher than that of normal lung tissue(p＜0.05).The positive rate of Galectin-3 protein was significantly related to lymph node metastasis and clinical stages.it was higher in the group with lymph node metastasis than that without lymph node metastasis(p＜0.05);it was higher in the group ofⅢ+Ⅳstage than that inⅠ+Ⅱstage(p＜0.05).3.MMP-2 protein were respectively detected in 10.0(1/10),16.7%(2/12),70.8% (63/89) and 83.3%(10/12) of normal lung tissue,precancerous lesion,primary lung cancer and lymph node metastasis of lung cancer;the positive of MMP-2 protein in primary lung cancer and lymph node metastasis of lung cancer was significantly higher than that of normal lung tissue and precancerous lesion(p＜0.05).The positive of MMP-2 protein was significantly related to lymph node metastasis and clinical stages.It was higher in the group with lymph node metastasis than that without lymph node metastasis(p＜0.05);it was higher in the group ofⅢ+Ⅳstage than inⅠ+Ⅱstage(p＜0.05).4.There were no significant difference between the groups of differentiation, different histologic types,different gross types,ages and sexes(p＞0.05).5.There was significantly postive correlation between AKT-2 and MMP-2(r_s=0.386, p＜0.05),there was significantly positive correlation between MMP-2 and Galectin-3 (r_s=0.415,p＜0.05).There was no correlation between AKT-2 and Galectin-3.Conclusions:1.The positive rate of AKT-2 protein was higher in primary lung cancer and precancerous lesion than that in normal lung tissue,which suggested that AKT-2 played an important role from the early stage of lung cancer genesis;In primary lung cancer,the expression degrees of AKT-2 protein had significantly positive correlation with the lymph node metastasis and clinical stages of lung cancer.The positive rate of AKT-2 protein was significantly higher in the group with lymph node metastasis than that without lymph node metastasis;it was higher in the group ofⅢ+Ⅳstage than inⅠ+Ⅱstage.These suggested that AKT-2 can promote infiltration and metastasis of lung cancer;it was related to the progression and malignant biological behavior;it can be a reference in prognosis evaluation.2.The positive rate of Galectin-3 protein was higher in primary lung cancer than that in normal lung tissue,which proved that Galectin-3 was a tumor promoter,which played an important role in lung cancer genesis and progress;the inhance of it can promote the genesis and progress of lung cancer.The positive rate of Galectin-3 protein was significantly related to lymph node metastasis and clinical stages,which suggested that the higher expression of Galectin-3 can promote the malignant transformation and progression;Galectin-3 may play a role in promote tumor infiltration and metastasis;it can be a reference in prognosis evaluation.3.The positive rate of MMP-2 protein was higher in primary lung cancer than that in normal lung tissue and precancerous lesion,The positive rate of MMP-2 protein was significantly related to lymph node metastasis and clinical stages,which suggested that MMP-2 can play along with infiltration and metastasis of tumor through promoting tumor proliferation and vascularization;it can be a reference marker of prognosis evaluation.4.MMP-2 and AKT-2 had postive correlation;MMP-2 and Galectin-3 had positive correlation.AKT-2 which activated can up-regulate expression of MMP-2;Galectin-3 was regarded as the substrate of MMP-2 and dissoluted by MMP-2,matters come from dissolution play a great role in interaction of extracellular matrixc and cell and promote infiltration and metastasis of lung cancer.AKT-2 promote metastasis potential of many tumors by regulate infiltration and growth of tumor cell; expression of Galectin-3 inhanced cell adhesion;MMP-2 can promote infiltration and metastasis of tumor cell,in addition,MMP-2 also promote angiogenesis of tumor. AKT-2,MMP-2 andGalectin-3 appear linear regulation in infiltration and metastasis of tumor.5.Tissue microarray has the advantage of high throughput,high efficiency,saving reagent and time;it can reduce the experimental error;it has prominent advantage in large scale research.