Research On The Theory Of Human Nature In Huangdi Neijing And The Related Doctrine Of Pre-Qin Philosophers

Huangdi Neijing, one of the four classic works of Chinese Medicine, is the earliest existing medical literature.It described the highest academic achievement which contained the basic theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine comprehensively and Systematically . Huagdi Neijing has relatively integrated theoretical system, such as person's physiology, the internal organs, the channels and collaterals, the sickness symptom, the diagnosis treatment, the acupuncture, the conserve of one's health, the guiding, and the five transport six natural factors and so on, so it can be considered as the origin of the Chinese Medicine Theory.But to some extent, it is the book which unites the humanities and the life sciences, or it is a magnum opus of medicine with the humanities characteristic.It has created one medicine system that takes the humanities as the characteristic: On the foundation of pre-Qin humanities philosophy, it not only take the pre-Qin humanities philosophy as the medicine system's instruction, but also utilized the philosophy notional category directly in the medicine.Based on this, we proposed the following topic:"Research on the Theory of Human Nature in Huangdi Neijing". The research of the human nature is the basic question of philosophy.In ancient China, there are abundant of researches on human nature, especially during the Qin and Han Dynasties.Mengzi holds the human nature is virtuous; But Xunzi had the opposite opinion, and insists that the human nature is evil; Dong Zhongshu thought it is either virtuous or evil; but Gaozi has the opinion that it is neither virtuous nor evil.Neoteric scholar Zhang Dainian summarized the ancient Chinese philosophy of human nature on"nature"as the following three aspects: (1) The natural characteristics when the person was born.(2) Something makes the person become people.(3) The basis of life.The idea of"Neijing in the Theory of Human Nature is similar to one of the"natural born", which is a simple expression of the overall human quality.It holds that different human nature has its material basis, because different kinds of physiological and anatomical structure leads to different health or illness, tall or short, fat or thin of different people and also impacts people's physique, temperament.The discussions about human nature in Qin and Han dynasties almost invoked the social situations and facts of seen, such as the children into the wells, the water and the timber, and so on.It explored the human nature mainly from the aspect of human social property under the moral system.But Neijing explored it from a broader space.It based on the ancient philosophy and traditional culture, revealed the different human nature has its material basis through peoples' microstructure—the size of Yin and Yang.After the literature search,I find there was few related research on this subject, for it was difficult to discuss Neijing without the interdisciplinary knowledge of culture, literature and medicine.This article systematically organized and elucidated the human nature of Neijing by the means of document retrieval, analysis and comparison, conclusion and reasoning, etc.This article described the idea of human nature in the following aspects: the definition of"nature"; the basic idea and the specific contents of the Theory of Human Nature, and compared it with the Theory of Human Nature in Qin and Han Dynasties.Through exploring the problem of what is human nature, this article tried to understand why people would be health or illness, and provided theoretical basics for disease prevention and clinical treatment.This article researched from the traditional culture aspect of"human nature", thereby, we can clearly understand the different theoretical foundations of the Western Medicine and the Chinese Traditional Medicine, which can provide us with a new train of thought for the modernization of the Chinese Medicine.It will also help us to seek new ideas on psychological treatment which is suitable to the Chinese people, and benefit the localization of psychological therapy.