The Application Of Acoustic Rhinometry In Nasal-blocking Diseases

Background:Nasal-blocking diseases is the most common diseases in otorhinolaryngology,including rhinitis,sinusitis,deviation of nasal septum, allergic rhinitis,nasal polyp,adenoidal hypertrophy and nasal tumour etc. The diagnoses mostly depend on complaint,anterior rhinoscopy and radiologic examination.But the radiologic examination is too expensive and hard for the quantity of nasal obstruction.The evaluation of therapeutic effect needs an objective,economic,highly value applicational methord. Acoustic rhinometry which is quick,objective,accurate and no-invasive measures nasal cavity to show nasal congestional degree through the reflection of a sound wave.The data is sorted out to form curve diagram which shows the relation of different distances and cross-sectional areas by computer.Consequently,there is highly value application at the department of nasal-blocking diseases diagnosis and therapeutic effect assessment.Objective:To measure the parameters of normal person and patients with nasal-blocking disease,which is contrasted with each other,and discuss the value application of nasal-blocking diseases.Methord:1,There are 150 persons attending measurement who are 18-70 years old,it is divided into five groups.A group:normal control group(30 cases); B group:chronic rhinitis group(50 cases);C group:allergic rhinitis group(20 cases);D group:deviation of nasal septum group(20 cases);E group:nasal space occupying lesion group(30 cases).2,The parameters,including nasal minimum cross-sectional area,nasal cavity volume,distance of the cross-sectional area from nostril,nasal resistance,are measured by acoustic rhinometry of American Hood company.3,The mean value and standard deviation of A,B,C,E group is calculated by SPSS,and show the difference of parameters.D group reveals graphics instead of data statistic.Result:â… .The result of normal control groupNormal control group:Both:NCMA0.66±0.10cm^2, NCV12.81±1.35cm³,DCAN2.68±0.40cm,TNR0.22±0.13 kPa.s/L.Left: NCMA0.64±0.11cm²,NCV12.89±1.41 cm³,DCAN2.67±0.43 cm, NR0.35±0.07kPa.s/L.Light:NCMA0.69±0.09cm²,NCV12.73±1.50 cm³, DCAN2.68±0.37cm,NR0.31±0.08 kPa.s/L.The difference between left and light nasal cavities is not existed(P＞0.05).Male: NCMA0.64±0.10cm²,NCV12.72±1.42cm³,DCAN2.82±0.75cm, NR0.39±0.09kPa.s/L.Female:NCMA0.69±0.10cm²,NCV12.92±1.31cm³, DCAN2.62±0.57cm,NR0.35±0.10 kPa.s/L,there is not difference between male and female(P＞0.05).â…¡.The result of chronic rhinitis group1.Simple rhinitis group:Before shrinkage of ephedrine: NCMA0.20±0.08cm²,NCV6.70±0.74cm³,DCAN2.38±0.45cm, NR 1.72±0.67kPa.s/L.After shrinkage of ephedrine:NCMA0.55±0.09cm²,NCV11.31±1.22cm³,DCAN2.35±0.37cm,NR0.31±0.08kPa.s/L. Compared with before shrinkage of ephedrine,NMCA,NCV are increased and NR decreased after shrinkage of ephedrine and have statistical significance(P＜0.05) except DCAN(P＞0.05).2.Hypertrophic rhinitis group:Before shrinkage of ephedrine: NCMA0.27±0.07cm²,NCV7.69±0.98 cm³,DCAN2.49±0.41cm, NR1.58±0.70 kPa.s/L.After shrinkage of ephedrine:NCMA0.29±0.07cm², NCV 8.96±0.87 cm³,DCAN2.42±0.45cm,NR1.38±0.61kPa.s/L.Compared with before shrinkage of ephedrine,NCV is increased and has statistical significance(P＜0.05).The change of NMCA,NR,DCAN is little,and has not statistical significance(P＞0.05)3.Compared with normal persons,NMCA,NCV of rhinitis group before shrinkage of ephedrine are decreased and NR increased,as to DCAN, 25%in simple rhinitis group advance and 2.5%back,while 20%in hypertrophic rhinitis group advance and 10%back,there are statistical significance respectively(P＜0.05).31.25%NMCA,56.25%NCV of simple rhinitis group after shrinkage of ephedrine are decreased and NR is normal, with regard to DCAN,25%advance and 2.5%back,while NMCA,NCV in hypertrophic rhinitis group are decreased,NR increased,30%DCAN advance and 10%back,there are statistical significance respectively(P＜0.05).â…¢.The result of allergic rhinitis group1.Stage of attack:NCMA0.25±0.08cm²,NCV6.64±0.74cm³, DCAN2.52±0.41cm,NR2.26±0.72kPa.s/L.Remittent stage:NCMA0.51±0.08cm²,NCV11.92±1.33cm³,DCAN2.32±0.42cm,NR0.32±0.08kPa.s/L. The difference of NMCA,NCV,NR between two groups is existed(P＜0.05) except DCAN(P＞0.05).2.Compared with normal persons,NMCA,NCV of allergic rhinitis group in attacking stage are decreased and NR increased,the difference existed(P＜0.05),while DCAN has no difference(P＞0.05).56%NMCA, 32.5%NCV of allergic rhinitis group in remittent stage are decreased and difference existed(P＜0.05),while NR,DCAN have no difference(P＞0.05).â…£.The result of deviation of nasal septum groupThe graphics reveal that nasal cross-sectional area of deviational side is smaller than the other side,and nasal resistance larger.Whereas some patients show that nasal cross-sectional area of deviational side is larger than the other side,and nasal resistance smaller,or the same as other.â…¤.The result of nasal space occupying disease group1.Lesional side before operation:NCMA0.26±0.10cm², NCV7.11±1.13cm³,DCAN 2.35±0.50cm,NR1.89±0.75Pa.s/L.Lesional side after operation:NMCA0.58±0.09cm²,NCV12.47±1.47cm³, DCAN2.35±0.37cm,NR0.31±0.08kPa.s/L.NMCA,NCV are increased and NR decreased after operation and have statistical significance(P＜0.05) except DCAN(P＞0.05)2.Compared with normal persons,NMCA,NCV of nasal space occupying lesion group before operation are decreased and NR increased, the difference existed(P＜0.05),while DCAN has no difference(P＞0.05). 25%NMCA after operation are decreased and difference existed(P＜0.05), while NCV,NR,DCAN have no difference(P＞0.05).Conclusion:Acoustic rhinometry is an objective measure,which avoids the influence of subjective factor.Combined with patients' symptoms and physical signs,there is superior value application.Consequently, acoustic rhinometry plays an important part in the diagnosis,treatment and assessment of efficacy of nasal-blocking disease.