Expression And Their Correlation Of Survivin, Caspase-3 In Gastric Carcinomas

IntroductionGastric cancer is a common digestive tumor in China.It seriously threats to human health. The average annual mortality rate of gastric cancer is in the tops in China. With the in-depth study of the pathogenesis of stomach cancer,we have been found the occurrence and development of stomach cancer is closely related to gastric carcinoma apoptosis.At present, the research about the gastric carcinoma cell apoptosis and its regulation mechanism has become a hot topic.In this study, immunochistochemical SP method detected expression of Survivin and Caspase-3 in 72 cases of stomach cancer and adjacent normal tissue of 54 cases of stomach cancer,preliminary to study the role of Survivin and Caspase-3 in stomach cancer occurrence and development and the correlation of the expression of both apoptosis.Materials and MethodsBefore collecting gastric carcinoma specimen which the China Medical college attached first hospital tumor surgery excises 72 cases in January to June,2007 and with the completed clinical and pathological information and pathological confirmed stomach cancer. And the adjacent normal tissue in 54 cases of gastric carcinoma.Prior to the operations of all patients did not receive any radiotherapy,chemotherapy or other treatment for stomach cancer.S-P immunohistochemistry was usedto measure the Survivin and Caspase-3 in gastric cancer and normal gastric tissues(SP method three-step method).The data was statistical analyzed by SPSS 11.5.Results1,Survivin express in stomach cancer and adjacent tissues.The difference of Survivin protein expression was significant among gastric carcinoma and normal gastric mucosa(P<0.01).The positive expression rate of Survivin protein was related to clinical-pathologic characteristics of the gastric carcinoma (including lymph node metastasis and clinical stages).2,Caspase-3 express in stomach cancer and adjacent tissues.There was obvious difference about Caspase-3 protein expression in gastric carcinoma and normal gastric mucosa(P<0.01).The positive rates of Caspase-3 protein expression were significantly higher in the cases of better histological differentiation than the cases of worse histological differentiation and in the cases of clinical stageâ… -â…¡than the cases of clinical stageâ…¢-â…£(P<0.05).3,Survivin,Caspase-3 expression relevanceWe found the negative correlation between Caspase-3 and Survivin.DiscussionSurvivin gene was introduced by Yale University, Altieri et al in 1997. Survivin gene obtained with the effector cell protease receptor-1 (effecter cell protease receptor-1, EPR-1) cDNA as a probe by hybridization screening from the human genome PI library. It is the smallest family members in IAP. It is different from the other members of the IAPs family.Survivin are almost expression in the all malignant tumors of human body , but it is not expression in normal differentiated adult tissues (except the endometrium, placenta and thymus). The study found Survinin closely relates with the occurrence and development of malignant tumors.Survivin not only complexes with tubulin to directly inhibit the caspase activity of the end of Caspase-3,Caspase-7 and so on to inhibit apoptosis.At the same time, it inhibits the activity of Caspase,involves in the control of cell cycle and regulats the cell's division and the other biological effects.This study showed the positive expression rate of Survivin in gastric carcinoma was significantly higher than those in non-cancerous gastric mucosa. Studies have shown that expression of Survivin related with a variety of tumor's biological characteristics and (or) disease staging . This experiment was found expression of Survivin related with lymph node metastasis and TNM staging.It has a certain value to test the expression of Survivin in gastric cancer tissues for determining the degree of malignancy of gastric cancer,progression and prognosis of disease. Caspase family (cysteinyl aspeantate-specific proteinase family) refers to a group protease containing the cysteine.It highly efficiently and specificly mediates proteolytic role of dying cells.It plays an important role in the initiation and completion of apoptosis in the cell executors of apoptosis.It determines the morphological changes and biochemical changes of apoptosis.Caspase-3 is a key member of the family and a key executor of apoptosis. The expression of Caspase-3 in tumor tissue not only exists specific,but also exsits different role in the evolution of different tumor tissues. Zapa JM et al found that Caspase-3 involved in the infiltration of breast cancer.The experimental results show that Caspase-3 has a high rate of positive expression in normal gastric mucosa, whereas it significantly decreases in gastric cancer tissues.It indicates that the deficiency of expression of Caspase-3 may play an important role in the incident process of gastric cancer. The positive expression of Caspase-3 is also closely related to the differentiation of gastric cancer. The positive expression of Caspase-3 in gastric cancer was significantly higher in well differentiated than poorly differentiated group. The positive expression of Caspase-3 relate to clinical stage.The expression level of the clinical Phaseâ… -â…¡was significantly higher than those Phaseâ…¢-â…£, but the depth of tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis of malignant tumors affecting the extent and trends showed no significant correlation.It indicats there is a certain significance in determining its progress and the prognosis of malignant tumors.Previous studies confirm that Survivin can directly suppress Caspase-3 and Caspase-7 protease of the apoptosis pathway downstream to play a role in anti-apoptosis. Survivin is also integrated with the spindle fibers to indirectly inhibit the hydrolysis of the role of Caspase for right spindle. This study found that gastric tissue expression of Caspase-3 was negatively correlated with Survivin.It indicat Survivin plays a certain role in suppressing the activity of Caspase-3 in gastric carcinoma.Conclusion1,Survivin at the gastric cancer is the high expression,Caspase-3 at the adjacent tissue is the high expression. The expression of Survivin protein and Caspase-3 protein played the important role in the occurrence of the gastric cancer. 2,The abnormal expression of Survivin protein markedly correlated with lymph node metastasis and clinical stage. in the gastric cancer.3,The abnormal expression of Caspase-3 protein markedly correlated with histological grade and clinical stage in the gastric cancer.4,The expression of Survivin and Caspase-3 was negatively correlated in gastric cancer.