| Autoimmune disease has become the third threaten of human health. Thus the finding of new substances with markedly lower toxicity and higher immunosuppressive activity is a great topic for researchers all over the word. Researchers have found that Physalis L. had the activity of anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic, but there is no systemic study about the immunosuppressive activity of Physalis L.In this study, after set BALB/c mouse splenic T lymphocyte as a target, we screened active compounds from Physalis L., which had T cell immunosuppressive effects. In vitro, Cytotoxicity was measured by MTT assay; T-cell proliferation was measured using [3H]-thymidine incorporation assay in T cells stimulated with ConA; Cell cycle distribution and cell antigens were monitored by Flow cytometry analyses; The level of cytokines was tested in ELISA assay and the activation of Heme oxygenase-1 was tested in Western blot and RT-PCR assays. In vivo, the anti-inflammatory effects of Physalin H were evaluated in Xylene-induced mouse ear tumefaction model.The results showed that Physalin H screened from Physalis could effectively suppress the murine T lymphocytes overproduction dose-and time-dependently. The value of half effective concentration of Physalin H was 0.69μg/mL, and the best action time was 48 hours. Physalin H obstructed DNA replication in G1-S stages and regulated cell cycle, according to Flow cytometry analyses results. The Flow cytometry analyses results also showed that Physalin H could decrease the CD4+/CD8+T cells level in order to inhibit the overproducted T cells. Further research indicated that Physalin H upregulated HO-1, which inhibited Thl cytokines but promoted Th2 cytokines, to regulate Thl/Th2 balance. In vivo, administration of Physalin H attenuated Xylene-induced mouse ear tumefaction and suppressed the level of pro-inflammation cytokine Interleukin-2 and Interleukin-6 in the serum of experimental animals.
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