| Backgroud:Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the respiratory tract. It is now estimated that as many as 300 million people suffer from asthma and incidence is rising.Immunological researches have showed that the balance of Th1/Th2 is disordered, and the exaggerated Th2-biased immune response plays a crucial role in the onset and development of asthma. In recent years, the concept of a disturbed Th1/Th2 balance has failed to adequately explain many clinical observations. Th17 cells have recently emerged as a new independent T cell subset that different from Th1 and Th2 cells. Th17 cells and cytokines participate in the generate and development of asthma. Alveolar macrophages are the primary airway cells responsible for innate immune defense. Impaired alveolar macrophage phagocytosis impaired often cause damage or aggravated the respiratory system disease.Although inhaled corticosteroids can effectively control asthma symptoms, some cases still showed recurrent asthma attacks and chronic progress, suggesting the need for in-depth study of asthma pathogenesis and to add new treatments. Traditional Chinese medicine in asthma treatment becomes an important supplementary value of increasing attention in recent years.Objective:To study the ovalbumin (OVA) sensitized asthmatic rats Th1, Th2, Th17 cytokines and alveolar macrophage phagocytosis change, and Huang Qi Huai therapeutic effect and mechanism of action.Methods:40 male rats were randomly divided into five groups, control group(group C),asthma model group(group A),BUD group(group B),Huai Qi Huang (group H),BUD+Huai Qi Huang (group B+H), and each of which has 8 rats. In the experiment, the rat asthma modal was established in the ovalbumin(OVA) sensitize and challenge methods.All rats were sacrificed and collected samples at 24 hours after the last challenge,gain plasma,bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) and superior lobe of right lung tissue. Superior lobe of right lung tissue, routinely dehydrated, embedded in paraff, stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE). Total cells score and differential score in BALF were counted. Separated and purified alveolar macrophage in BALF, the phagocytosis of alveolar macrophage was evaluated by neutral red accumulation in cells by colorimetric assay. The levels of IL-4,IFN-γ,IL-17 in the plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results:1. General observation:group A of rats were sensitized by intraperitoneal injection and atomization inspired the emergence of different levels of irritability, shortness of breath, abdominal symptoms such as seizures, severe respiratory rate, irregular rhythm, slow, response unreadiness,group C had no such symptoms. group B, group H, group B+H compared with group A different set of symptoms was reduced,group B and group B+H improved significantly.2.Histopathological:group A of around a large number of airway inflammatory cell infiltration, luminal stenosis, bronchial lumen and mucus plug, such as asthma, airway epithelial shedding change; group C was not the performance; group B, group H, group B+H ameliorated compared to group A, group B and group B+H ameliorated compared to group H.3. The concentration of IL-4 IFN-γ,IL-17 in plasma and BALF:(1)The concentrations of IL-4 in plasma and BALF:group A were increased compared to group C(P<0.05), group B and group B+H were decreased compared to group A(P<0.05), group B+H were decreased compared to group H (P<0.05), group H compared with group A the difference had no statistical significance (P>0.05), group B+H compared with group B,the difference had no statistical significance (P>0.05).(2) The concentration of IFN-γin plasma and BALF:group A were decreased compared to group C (P<0.05), group B,group H and group B+H were increased compared to group A (P<0.05), group B+H were increased compared to group B and group H (P<0.05)(3) The concentration of IL-17 in plasma and BALF:group A were increased compared to group C (P<0.05), group B and group B+H were decreased compared to group A (P<0.05),group H compared with group A,the difference had no statistical significance (P>0.05),group B+H were decreased compared to group B and group H (P<0.05), group B were decreased compared to group H (P<0.05)4. The number of total cells, differential cell count:The number of total cells of group A were increased compared to group C (P<0.05), group B,group H and group B+H were decreased compared to group A(P <0.05),group B+H were decreased compared to group B and group H(P <0.05)。The percentages of EOS of group A in the BALF were increased compared to group C (P<0.05), group B,group H,group B+H were decreased compared to group A (P<0.05), group B+H were decreased compared to group B and group H (P<0.05); The percentages of NEU of group A in the BALF were increased compared to group C(P<0.05), group B and group B+H were decreased compared to group A(P<0.05), group B+H were decreased compared to group H (P<0.05),group B+H compared with group H the difference had no statistical significance (P >0.05)5.The phagocytosis of alveolar macrophages:group A were decreased compared to group C(P<0.05), group B were decreased compared to group A(P<0.05), group H and group B+H were increased compared to group A(P<0.05), group H and group B+H were increased compared to group B(P<0.05), group B+H compared with group H the difference had no statistical significance (P>0.05)6.Correlation analysis showed thar the level of IL-17 in plasma and BALF was positively correlated with the percentages of NEU and the percentages of EOS in the BALF(P<0.05), the level of IFN-y in plasma and BALF was positively correlated with the phagocytosis of alveolar macrophages (P<0.05)Conclusion:1. Asthmatic rats were in Th1/Th2/Th17 imbalance, showed Th1 hypofunction, Th2 Th17hyperfunction, while the alveolar macrophage phagocytosis function declined.2. Inhaled corticosteroids, to some extent, correct the imbalances in Thl/Th2/Thl7 of asthmatic rats, but can not correct the declined alveolar macrophage phagocytosis.3.Huai Qi Huang can significantly improve plasma and BALF IFN-γ expression of asthmatic rats, and significantly improve alveolar macrophage phagocytosis of asthmatic rats.4. Huai Qi Huang assisted inhaled corticosteroid to treat asthma, not only significantly improve inhaled corticosteroids to correct Th1/Th2/ Th17 imbalances of asthmatic rats, and reduced airway inflammation, but also significantly increase alveolar macrophage phagocytosis.
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