| ObjectiveTo know the iodine nutritional status of special needs populations in Chongqing after universal salt iodization. And obverse the characteristic of people's iodine nutrition status after taking iodized salt with different concentration; to discover a proposal of iodine content that fit for different people in Chongqing, and to put in practice salt iodization in different area and different population according as the study.Part 1 the different concentration of iodized salt affects the iodine nutritional status of the special needs populationMethod According to the result of iodine deficiency disorders surveillance system over the years in Chongqing, we selected Bishan County and Yunyang County as our study site, the former is the economically developed county and the latter is underdeveloped. According to its economy as good,middle and bad classified all the towns of the two countries. Then use stratified randomization sampling method to selected three towns as field which geography condition,traffic circumstances,medical treatment condition were similar, cropper,diet custom and epidemic situation of iodine deficiency disorder and were the same, requested its feasibility is well. Taking the field trial in the towns which were intervented by three kinds of iodine concentration (15±5mg/kg, 25±5mg/kg, 35±15mg/kg—the current salt concentration) in the sample areas, each rural communities is the unit of intervention. Collect urine samples, blood samples of pregnant women population, and detected the urinary iodine and thyroid function, and its questionnaire before the intervention since form January to December 2008. In January 2009 to April 2010, to evaluate of intervention we collect samples of the special needs after the intervention in township hospitals and family planning station.Result In the current salt concentration, the media urinary iodine of pregnant women, nursing mothers and infant was respective 203.80μg / L, 218.3μg / L, 288.4μg / L, the urinary iodine of pregnant and nursing women was in the appropriate range, but baby is higher, FT3, FT4, TSH of pregnant women were respective 3.94±0.59pmol / l, 12.44±2.30pmol / l, 1.83pmol / l, TGAb positive rate and TPOAb positive rate were respective 10.73% and 9.55%, so thyroid function of pregnant was in the normal range. Iodine nutritional status of pregnant women for influence factors were Gestational age, pregnancy reaction, swelling, and diet. After the intervention, the media urinary iodine of pregnant women, nursing mothers and infants were 225.02μg / L, 208.57μg / L, 255.04μg / L in the area of lowest dose in the BISHAN county, the media urinary iodine of special needs population were 222.90μg / L, 244.86μg / L, 242.59μg / L in area of lowest dose in the YUNYANG county, pregnant women were 263.86μg / L, 219.15μg / L respectively in the area of middle dose YUNYANG and BISHAN , the urinary iodine of special needs population were in the appropriate, and with no significant difference between pre-intervention; thyroid function of pregnant women in the low dose group was not statistically significant before and after intervention.Conclusion The current iodine concentration in salt can complement iodine that the special needs population needs, pregnant women increased demand for iodine, But we can adjust the diet, control response and edema of pregnancy to increase the utilization of iodine. Special needs population status of iodine nutrition has little effect by reduction of salt iodine concentration, but the need to strengthen monitoring and to encourage its added quality protein, iodine and selenium-enriched food.Part 2 The different concentrations of iodized salt of 18 months follow-up results of the ordinary populationMethod Selected Yunyang and Bishan. Selected children aged 8～10 in each three primary school, each group of children were thirty(half boy and half girl)as our object before and after the intervention of iodized salt for 6 months, 10 months, 18 months. Collect the urinary iodine and salt iodine of children aged 8~10 years before intervention and after intervention 6 and 10 and 18 months; collect goiter rate of children before and after intervention.Results Before the intervention, the urinary iodine of children in the YUNYANG county was higher than BISHAN. After intervention 6 months, urinary iodine median of group 15±5mg/kg was 180.00μg/L, and keep fitting range from 100μg/L to 200μg/L; urinary iodine median of population using 25±5mg/kg lowed down to the fitting rang after intervention 18 months. The frequency of urinary iodine concentrated on the fitting rang; The urinary iodine was also higher than 200μg/L after intervention, and the frequency concentrated on the rang from 200μg/L to 300μg/L. The goiter rate was assumable 10%, and didn't have statistical meaning before and after intervention.Conclusion After intervention with three different iodine content, urinary iodine of people using 15±5mg/kg ionized salt was more reasonable in the area where the economically developed area is; the suitable iodine concentration in salt may low down underside 20mg/kg in underdeveloped area. Band goiter rate didn't change greatly. So, the iodine concentration of salt can be properly reduced by all results indicated.
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