| Objective:Choose the shool-age children aged in 8 to 10 from Honghe Hani Prefecture (Honghe county and Yuanyang county) and Kunming city which with different natural, different level of economic as the research object. Through observe total goiter rate, urinary iodine, iodine content in edible salt at household and the status of the intelligence quotient(IQ), to assess the situation of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD), iodino nutritional status of children aged 8-10 years and the status of the intelligence quotient(IQ), expect to provide reference for the improvement of salt iodization policy.Methods:Randomly selected 240 Hani nationality boarding shool-age children aged 8 to 10 in Hong he and Yuan yang and 120 shool -age children aged 8 to 10 in Kunming which selected according to five directions of north, south, east, west and center,each school randomly selected 20 men and women in half and ages were evenly distributed.The disposable urine samples of children, the family edible salt and water samples were collected..Additionally, we analyzed the median urne iodine,urinary iodine, qualification rate of iodine salt,goiter rate,the concentration of water iodine, the intelligence quotient(IQ).Results:(1)The median urinary iodine concentrations of school children aged 8-10 years in Honghe Prefecture lower than Kunming, the difference was statistically significant(Z=18.33,P<0.01)(2)The median salt iodine concentrations, coverage rate and qualification rate of iodine salt in Honghe Prefecture were 23.78mg/kg,100%,98.4%; The median salt iodine concentrations, coverage rate and qualification rate of iodine salt in Kunming were 25.62mg/kg,100%,99%.The median salt iodine concentrationst bwteen kunming city and Honghe Prefecture has significant difference(Z=2.165,P< 0.01), the qualification rate of iodized salt of these two area has significant difference(x 2=7.179, P<0.05).(3)The total goiter rate of school children aged 8-10 years in Honghe Prefecture and Kunming city were 0% and 1%.(4)The thyroid volume of school children aged 8-10 years in Honghe Prefecture is less than Kunming,the difference was statistically significant (Z=-4.822, P< 0.01), While urine iodine is less than 300ug/L, there have no correlation between the urine iodine of 8-10 years old children and the thyroid volume (r=0.1376, P=0.476), Positive correlation between the urinary iodine 8-10 years old children and the thyroid volume was found while urinary iodine value is greater than 300ug/L, (R=0.2835, P<0.05)(5)The iodine concentration of drinking water in Honghe Prefecture is lower than Kunming, the difference was statistically significant (Z=-8.276, P,<0.01). (6) IQ of school children aged 8-10 years in Honghe Prefecture lower than Kunming, the difference was statistically significant (t=7.71, P< 0.001); IQ of school children aged 8-10 years in Honghe Prefecture in insufficient iodine intake group IQ were lower than the iodine suitable group, excessive iodine intake group, the differences were statistically significant (q=5.20, P<0.01; q=3.39,<0.01); the iodine suitable group IQ compare with excess iodine group has no significant difference (q=2.34, P >0.05). Pairwise comparisons on different levels(inadequate intake of iodine, iodine appropriate, excessive iodine intake) for IQ of school children aged 8-10 years in Kunming IQ values,the difference was not statistically significant (q=2.62, P>0.05; q=1.95, P>0.05; q=1.41, P>0.05).Conclusion:(1). USI is the effective measures for the prevention and elimination of IDD.At persent after universal salt iodination (USI) carried out, the children in these two areas have low goiter rate, iodized salt coverage rate were over 95%, qualification rate of iodine salt were higher than 90%, the ratio of urine iodine blow 50ug/L less than 20%, the ratio of urine iodine blow 100ug/L less than 50%, all reach the state of criteria for elimination of iodine deficiency disorders;(2).Accound to rusults of median urinry iodine,iodino nutritional status of 8-10 years old children in both area were "excessive iodine intaked"; The reason may be the high concentration of salt iodine;Even if the same standards for iodine content of edible salt, different people will still be differences of iodine nutrition in different regions. (4) Excessive iodine intaked may cause goiter, should pay attention to the influence of iodine excess on thyroid function and morphology.(5).iodine-deifcient cut down child IQ, both thses two areas children’s IQ differences may be unrelated to the level of iodine nutrition differences,more related to education more possible cases, the genetic background, parents’ education level, economic level, nutritional status.. |
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