Studies On Zero Initial Syllables Of Linyi Dialect

Linyi dialect is on the border between the Jiao-Liao Mandarin and the Central Plains Mandarin in terms of the whole Mandarin dialect. And it is in the transition zone of the Dong Wei and Xi Lu in terms of the Shandong dialect. The geographical location of Linyi City is so special that the different dialects within Linyi are also very complex especially in the zero initial syllables. The zero initial syllables of Linyi dialect are very different from the pronunciation of Mandarin and the difference within the various districts and counties in Linyi dialect is also quite large. At present, some scholars have generally described the obvious phenomena of the zero initial syllables. The content is related in the following books, such as "The Study Of Shan Dong Dialect" which is edited by Qian Zengyi and "Linyi Dialect Notes" which is writed by Ma Jing and Wu Yonghuan. But for now, nobody has studied the phenomenon of zero initial syllables of one dialect as a specialized research topic. There have been some researches which are scattered or just mentioned in a few books or papers. Therefore, it is necessary to research and analysis it further.Compared with previous studies in this field, this paper is the first study the zero initial syllables of Linyi dialect as a specialized research topic. And it is based on the detailed investigation of the pronunciation of the zero initial syllables in Linyi dialect and a lot of relevant information.This paper mainly researches the zero initial syllables of Linyi dialect in synchronic and diachronic. One is the pronunciation of the zero initial syllables in Linyi dialect now and the other is the history of it's evolution. This study has an important role in synchronic and diachronic theoretical study of Linyi dialect itself and the popularization of Mandarin to Linyi people who have to learn Mandarin when they go to other cities or provinces in china. But also it has an important reference for the Comparative Study of the History of Chinese speech and the study of the voice of modern Chinese dialects. This paper is divided into four parts, the chapters I and II are the key parts of this article:The preface of this paper introduces an overview of geography and dialects, including the population, the history of the city of Linyi and the general features of Linyi dialect. In addition, the current academic circles have controversial views on the defination of the zero initial syllables. So in this part it points out that the zero initial syllable is not beginning with a consonant sound, which includes two categories. The one is beginning with the vowel syllables and the other is beginning with the semi-vowel syllables. Also it pointed out the reason that this paper choices the zero initial as the starting point of Linyi dialect study. Finally, This part puts forword the previous researches in this field, the value of the research, and the source of the materials the subject used.The chapter I of this paper is the description of the zero initial syllables of Linyi dialect. This part summary the Special characteristics of the zero initial syllables in the geographical distribution and the different ages based on the detailed investigation of the pronunciation. And it mainly uses some research methods, such as induction, describing and the historical comparative law method. Further more, it makes a lot of charts in order to show the pronunciation of the zero initial syllables in Linyi dialect clearly. Also it introduces the characteristics in the language sound changes of the zero initial syllables from three aspects, which are the tone, neutral tone, and Er-lization. Meanwhile, compare with the zero initial syllables of the Linyi dialect and Mandarin to find the correspondence laws between the two. And then propose some advises for the people of Linyi prevent and avoid the negative effects of the accent of Linyi dialect in learning Mandarin.The chapter II of this paper analyzes the factors which impact the evolution of language, including external factors and factors of language itself. And the two factors influence the evolution of language through different mechanisms. Then according to the current phonological research results of Chinese Phonology scientists, it roughly lists the development and evolution of zero initials. And it analysis the special laws of the zero initial syllables of Linyi dialect from the evolution process of zero initials. Furthermore, based on the differences of the zero initial syllables between Linyi dialect and Mandarin dialect, This paper presents three possible reasons:First, to retain the ancient tones; second, to reverse the change of language; third, Pronunciation Variations. And that does not rule out the possibility of other causes.The conclusion of this paper summary the research results of the zero initial syllables of Linyi dialect which have some unique features. It also pointes out that the zero initials of Linyi dialect has its own unique language features in this part. Because the zero initial syllables as a special class of consonants in Chinese are relatively instable. The zero initial syllables are more vulnerable influenced in the evolution of language. And the paper further pointes out that now the promotion of Mandarin impact the dialect of Linyi deeper and deeper. Some typical characteristics of the zero initial syllables of Linyi dialect are gradually disappearing. So it is quite important to study with zero initial Linyi dialect deeply and systematically.The conclusions and views are only drawn according to the current materials; there are some problems that still need further study.