Cognitive Diagnosis And Its Application For The Surface Similarity Test Of Children's Analogical Reasoning

Analogical reasoning is the core of creative thinking ,it is also an important ways for the primary school children to learn knowledge and understand others, however, because their knowledge and experience and mental levels are not fully developed, they tend to solve the problem from the surface features of the things, therefore, from the change of the surface and properties of the things, the research complied the surface similarity analogical reasoning items, as we can see, the preview research often overlooked the thinking process, so the newly developed theory—Cognitive Diagnosis Theory try to measure the thinking process from the microeconomic and meticulous aspect,which can be deemed as more comprehensive and integrity.Analogical reasoning is the core of human creative thinking, it is also an important way for the primary school children to learn the knowledge and the understand of people , however, the students'knowledge experience and thinking are not developed in adult level , and he/she tended to understand the problem of analogy by the surface features .Therefore, the study developed a superficial similarity of analogical reasoning questions, it is only changed in surface properties and features ,by this means we can examine children's analogical reasoning ability, according to Sternberg's composition theory and the study of the Holyoad theory, adding to the verbal report in the answer of the analogical reasoning questions, cognitive processing can be classified into three parts: the understanding of words, the understanding of the low-level relationship and the understanding of senior relationship. Through the development of appropriate tests and a number of logical deduction, it can broadly prove the conclusionAccording to the thinking process of the child, one of the Cognitive Diagnosis Theory model ,Multi-Component Latent Trait (MLTM) is used on the analysis of the analogical reasoning ability, the forecast of the results of the analogical reasoning can be drawn on the basis of three components: the understanding of words, the understanding of the low-level relationship, the understanding of senior relationship, this theory not only know which cognitive components are been mastered or not , but also can decompensate and forecast the total test scores.By Cluster Analysis, we can see the different things in the same scores of subjects, if he is well grasp the understanding of the words, the relationship between low-level relations and advanced-level relations, these subjects were easily clustered into one group ,or if the subject mastered the lower or advanced relationship, the ability of the test is also roughly the value of the subjects who master the three components, however, if the thought process contains the inclusion relation, the ability of the four cognitive components is more clearly to be seen, that is, the subjects who are better grasped the four cognitive components are categorized as a class, and it has a relatively high capacity value, however,the subjects who are less well grasped are seldom and can be categorized as a class ,therefore , we can see the answer circumstances in different components of the same capacity values, In view of this situation, the teachers and educators can take the different and valid methods to help the different students.