The Development And Application Of Middle School Student Shyness Scale

Along with the increasingly fierce of social competition, individual should show their ability more to obtain other's attention. But the individuals of shyness appear not well so they often in the inferiority position. Henderson defined that shyness refers to the uncomfortable or suppresses in public situation, and the fear of negative appraisal which accompanied with depressed or suppresses emotion. It would obviously affect the pursuing behavior of expectatio and individual ideal. If shyness appears in the specific situation, and the shyness is proper, It may regard as a kind of normal response. But if the shyness degree is excessively high and generalized, it should seriously affect the individual's learning, live, and even mental health. In recent years, the East and West psychologists studied shyness more often. The conclusion is that there is a cross-cultural consistency in shyness. But the previous researches mostly focus on the elementary and university students. Though a study involves middle school students using the questionnaire from Taiwan, it's quite superficial and cannot perfectly illustrated middle-school student's characteristic. It divides shyness into three factors: cognition, emotion and behavior. Based on the previous researches, the seven grade and eight grade students was invested to develop the middle-school student shyness scale and analyzes the middle-school student's shyness construct.Because the shyness students are afraid of communicating face-to-face, they may get information and communicate with others through the Internet. Then they can get the social support from the Internet to satisfy their need. In this case, the shyness students will extend the time of Internet Use, which increases the possibility of internet addiction. So it is necessary to invest the Internet Use of shyness students in order to implement the intervention effectively.Study 1 Use the method of interview with middle-school student and compile shyness scale.Study 2 To investigate the seven and eight grade students use the questionnaire which compiled in study 1 for the purpose to explore the relationships of shyness, social support and Internet use.The results are shown as follows:First, Reliability, Validity and Structure:1. DiscriminationThe difference between two groups is significant which indicates each project of the scale having a good discrimination.2. Scale validity(1) Construct validity: The construct of the scale is found to be fine after factor analysis.(2) criterion-related validation: The Questionnaire of Adolescent Shyness which made by Yuan Bin was used as criterion. The criterion was middling correlated with the scale. The scale was thought valid for the relationship between the shyness scale and criterion is 0.777, p<0.01.3. Scale reliability(1) Homogeneity reliability: The internal reliability is very satisfactory .The Cronbachαof factorsⅠ-V are 0.827, 0.758, 0.766, and 0.559. The internal reliability Cronbachα= 0.882.(2) split-half reliability: The split-half reliability of Shy Scale is 0.859 which shows that the content measured is homogeneous.4. The characteristics of shyness of middle school students(1)The shyness structure of middle school students includes 4 dimensions which are self-accusation, self-inhibition, sexual-concern and the need for approval.(2) The self-blame of boy is significant higher than that of girl. The self-inhibition scores of Han Chinese Students are significantly lower than those of Tibetan students. On the factor of the need for approval, Han Chinese students'scores are also significantly lower than those of Tibetan students. On the factor of self-inhibition, scores of 15-year-old is significant higher than those of 12-year-old ; On the factor of sexual-concern, the scores of 14-year-old significantly higher than those of 12-year-old; On the factor of need for approval, scores of the 12-year-old are significant lower than those of 14-year-old and 15-year-old;scores of 13-year-old are significantly lower than those15-year-old.Second, results of related research:1. Shyness can predict Social support to a certain degree. The factors of Shyness and Social support are all negative correlated. 2. Shyness could not significantly predict Internet use. The factors of self-accusation and self-inhibition can relate negatively to the factor of information. Sexual concern relates positively to social antagonisms and entertainment, but the need for approval is negatively related to information, social antagonisms and entertainment.