A Study On "Book Of Songs "Agricultural Ritual Poems

"Book of Songs" is our first collection of poems in the ancient, and it reflects the political, economic, cultural, life and other aspects during the period from the early West Zhou Dynasty to the middle age of Spring and Autumn period, the poems of agricultural worship of "Book of Songs" records the agricultural festivals in the Zhou Dynasty. These poems of agricultural worship profoundly reflects the religious ideas and the system of sacrifices, as well as the level of agricultural development of the West Zhou dynasty, which also provide the most vivid raw materials of the Zhou Dynasty to our understanding of agricultural and social development.The worship is an important activity for the ancient ancestors, reflected in all aspects of life; agriculture is the foundation of a nation, sacrifices permeate every aspect of agricultural production inevitably. The people in the Zhou Dynasty obtained the harvest of agricultural production and tribal reproduction through agricultural worship,and ignited people's desire for transforming nature, controlling of natural, although this desire contains strong fantasy elements, objectively strengthened people's confidence to conquer nature. Thus, people in the Zhou Dynasty set up a wide variety of agricultural sacrifices on the aspect of agricultural production, the scene is very grand and warm. Sacrifices as the most expressive carrier of ritual culture, and is also its "material shell". Through the observation and analysis of ritual culture, we can glimpse into the inner world of people and the culture of agricultural worship in the Zhou Dynasty. Therefore, from the perspective of agricultural worship to research agricultural society of the Zhou Dynasty can make people understand with the mysterious, hazy colors of the original sacrificial culture, but also can make people understand Chinese farming culture spirit deeply.Based on the above purpose, the thesis develops a in-depth study on the poems of agricultural worship of "Book of Songs", combined with the classical literature in the pre-Qin Dynasty to explore the agricultural culture inherent in the poems of agricultural worship to make people better understand the situation of a forces and relations of production in the Zhou Dynasty, and then attempt to find out the basic cultural outlook of the laborers in the Zhou Dynasty .The main contents include the following components:Chapter one offers the criteria and the basic items of the poems of agricultural worship in the "Book of Songs"; and systematic analysis the research course poems of agricultural worship in the "Book of Songs" from the early Qin Dynasty to contemporary, summarized the study characteristics of different times, make people understand the research achievements and shortcomings of the poems of agricultural worship.Chapter two analyzes the basic origin of poems of agricultural worship. This part mainly from the aspects of the use of the main advanced instruments of labor and farming management methods in the Zhou Dynasty to show the tremendous progress in agriculture in the Zhou Dynasty, which is offering the material basis of the poetry; and then from the aspects of the ideological foundation and religious basis of the origins of poems of agricultural worship to make a respectively analysis.Chapter three researches the etiquette system of the agricultural sacrifices recorded in the poetry, this part discusses JiTian Ceremony, the preparation of the ceremony and the specific circumstances of the ceremony. To understand the agricultural ritual customs from the aspects of the types and requirements of offerings; the solemn and orderly of the agriculture ritual ceremony, and the feast with the family at the end of the ritual, etc.Chapter four focuses on ritual objects of the poetry and people's emotion in the ritual performance in the Zhou Dynasty. In order to get agricultural harvest and happiness, the objects of the agricultural ritual is the worship of God on agricultural protection and the worship of ancestors, the latter is the main activity. People's agricultural worship in the Zhou Dynasty also displays their pray for eliminating the disasters, and their feeling of being pride in the same original family, the whole ritual is warm and cheerful, and better performance out of people's harmonious interpersonal relationships in the Zhou Dynasty.Chapter five makes a deep analysis of the ideology in the poetry. In the following three main areas to expand, the constant research on the agricultural technology, people's attitude of "do not miss farming season," and the labor and the rulers'concept of states to agricultural-based and other agricultural-based mind; the rulers'political thought of attaching importance to agriculture to get people's support; people's unique destiny view and the rational spirit "people first and then spirits".Chapter six analyzes the achievement of literature and art of the poetry. This section mainly from the aspects of the exact reproduction of the life of agricultural worship of the Zhou Dynasty and the character of labor; the unique narrative structure of the poetry; the art of the language in the poetry to analyze the literary value of the poetry of agricultural worship.Chapter seven focuses on the poetry of agricultural worship's influence on the later ages'poetry. The chapter mainly from the two aspects of the exploration of the theme of later ages'poetic by the poetry of agricultural worship and the influence of realism attitude of the poetry of agricultural worship on the later ages'poetry to elaborate its influence on the ancient Chinese poetry."Book of Songs" has always been a research focus for its important position in Chinese literary history. Although the vertical and horizontal research is very in-depth, as if from the perspective of agricultural ritual have a lot of areas to explore. Based on this, the paper tries to overall grasp of the culture of the system of agricultural sacrifices and agricultural civilization through the poetry of agricultural worship in "Book of Songs", and from a literary point of view to survey the literary value of the poetry of agricultural worship. The seven parts of the papers combine with each other to form a unified whole, hoping to do a bit for the research of "Book of Songs".