The Late Qing Dynasty Household Surveys (1906-1911)

Census is a very seriously political initiatives for dominators in history. It's very important in consolidation of the regime for country. Account to the history, the basic purpose of census is to levy taxes, conscript and maintain the social security. From 1906 to 1908, the Qing government carried out a mass census in the whole country, this registered permanent residence of registered permanent residence investigation has great investigation and previous research method is different, and investigation contents in appear on the investigation process factors modernization mass revolt erupted, triggering rebellion agitation. The particularity of the Qing dynasty census had caused the attention in academic circles. In the basis of absorption of the existing research and browse of lots of the historical materials, this paper mainly utilizes the history and the empirical research with politics, sociology, psychology, and other disciplines method unifies, elaborated the deep background and the motivation of Qing dynasty census. This paper discusses the process of census, and check from a variety of angles research in account investigation process with people of conflict to gentries Qing dynasty account survey results analyzed and evaluated, As to spy out a corner of the failure cause constitutional reform in the later Qing dynasty.This paper from the late Qing dynasty account and analysis on the research background of Qing dynasty based on census check drivers, expounds the process of Qing dynasty census check. The later Qing dynasty account survey began in April in 1906, and launched in the national mass in December in 1908. And in 1910 November, it had shortened after the Qing government shortens the constituent time. It not only affected the progress of the census check, but also became a trigger of the revolution later. This article applies multi-disciplinary approach by the view of human. From the perspective of the conflict, public gentries cause, and the general public conflict with the influence of civil strife gentries three aspects of the Qing dynasty account investigation against reading agitation. In this current political situation, internal troubles and foreign aggression, the confliction between Officer-kun and masses not only directly impact survey results, but also affects all aspects of constitutional reform. The contradiction and entanglement which highlights in confliction, not only reflects the weakening of the Qing government central authority, and led to the government credibility, and further the decline of the Qing government corrosion collapse the silkworm governance capability. All this accelerated the decline of the Qing government.Although the census in the later period of Qing dynasty had suspended for the Xin-hai Revolution, but it still basically fulfilled the statistics of every provinces' household, the total population and the compilation of the Household Registration Law. The survey method, combines western, new old mix, has preliminary possess modern significance. Although the truth of this survey results has questionable, but it still has important value. Account survey is an important constituent of prepare content in the later Qing dynasty. For us, it also provides a new view to study the Qing dynasty constitutional reforms. From a perspective of Qing dynasty reflected in household survey of Qing dynasty, it is easy to see the road full of constitutional reform thorns.