Study On The Beijing Flag People's Opera Activities In The Late Qing Dynasty

The study on the drama of Peiking Bannerman in the late Qing dynasty and the Republic of China is a discussion focus on the specific time, area and group.Because of their social status,Bannerman's opera activities's status is higher than the Peiking marketplace opera activities and lower than the court. Bannerman's interest in opera had a long history. As early as the time of Manchus crossed the border, they showed their interest in opera. The dynasties of Shunzhi, Kangxi and Yongzheng are the early stage of the development of Peiking bannerman opera. The forms of the opera activities of the Peiking bannerman in the late Qing dynasty were founded at this time. In the dynasties of Daoguang and Xianfeng, influenced by the dramatic changes in court opera, Bannerman opera activities focus on the noble of Peiking bannerman's noble and the marketplace. Because of the adulation by the bannerman, the social status of the actors are rising rapidly in the late Qing dynasty.The behavior of Bannerman's indulgence in opera lead to governor's dissatisfaction.In order to forbidden the bannerman watching opera, the government has promulgated many bans. Although these measures have brought a lot of inconvenience to the opera activities,they still can't stop the opera activities.The contribution of the Peiking bannerman in the late Qing dynasty to the development of modern drama was represented at three levels :performing ,watching and writing drama. Ba Da zi,Bai Er who were recorded by Yan Lan Xiao Pu, are the first generation of bannerman actors. In The late Qing dynasty, bannerman showed more often on the stage, and in the late Qing Dynasty and Republic of China, they also can't be ignored. "Box office” and "Fancier" is the bannermen's contribution to the Chinese opera culture . They represent the classic level of the bannerman's opera.As an important aspect of the opera form of the Peiking Bannerman in the late Qing dynasty, the study of opera shows a deeper understanding of the opera. Xiao Ting Za Lu writen by Zhao Lian ,and Dao Xian Yi Lai Chao Ye Za Ji Writen by Chong Yi, shows a number of Peiking's opera scenes, and reflects the changes of the concern of Bannerman. The true opera study, began at Zhuang Qingyi,Pu Tong.Mu Rugai,Jing Guxue,Hua Cuishen,Fu Xihua's drama researching in The Republic of China,is an important force in modern drama study. They are also concerned about folk art study.Bannerman also writes a lot of scripts. Mian Kai, Gu Taiqing and others, mark the end of classical opera script writing. Zai Kuoting, Zhuang Qingyi,as the typical case of the PiHuang writers, also help the development of Pihuang art in the late Qing dynasty and the Republic of China. In late Qing dynasty,the nobility's opera activities is particularly special. As long lived in Peiking's,nobles have the opportunity to participate in the theater activities of the Forbidden City, and have a substantial impact on the court drama. The opera activities of the nobles are also excellence. In the family several generations of members often show great enthusiasm for the opera. In the late Qing dynasty, the nobility are very interested in Kun Yi.However, the PiHuang has long been popular in Peiking marketplace. "Wangfu troupe" is an resounding name in history of the opera. Since Yun Lu's DaCheng troupe in the Dynasty of Qianlong, WangFu Troupe live for hundreds of years. The Yi Xin and YiXuan's WangFu Troupe not only flourished in the capital theater, but also influenced the development of modern northern Kunqu Opera.In order to present the development of the opera activities of the Beijing Bannerman in the late Qing dynasty,I used a variety of research materials. For example, Military office's Memorials in China 's first historical archives, Palace archives, Housekeeping's Letters,Diary,and Journal of the Republic of China in the late Qing Dynasty. In order to make the research results more credible, I also carried out a lot of data statistics and analysis it. I also pay great attention to the historical remains of Chinese theatre, and opera image.