The Comparative Study Of Conjunctions In Zu Tang Ji And Jing De Chuan Deng Lu

This essay describes exhaustively the using of conjunctions in the Zen quotations Zu Tang Ji and Jing De Chuan Deng Lu,which appeared at the end of Tang dynasty and the beginning of Song dynasty.Through comparing between synchronic and diachronic,it discuses the characteristic of conjunctions in late Tang dynasty and five dynasties and the early North Song dynasty,and clarifies the clue of their development.The total quantity of conjunctions used in Zu Tang Ji and Jing De Chuan Deng Lu is 121,and there are similarities and differences in the two Zen quotations.From the characteristic of the conjunction quantity and frequency,Zu Tang Ji altogether has 100 conjunctions,using ancient conjunctions 49,medieval conjunctions 38, modern new conjunctions 13,respectively accounting for 49%,38%,13%; Jing De Chuan Deng Lu altogether has 106 conjunctions, using ancient conjunctions 54,medieval conjunctions 35,modern new conjunctions 17,respectively accounting for 50.94%,33.02%,16.04%.The conjunction quantity of Jing De chuan Deng Lu is only 6 more than that of Zu Tang Ji,the ratio of ancient conjunctions,medieval conjunctions and modern new conjunctions in Zu Tang Ji and Jing De Chuan Deng Lu is almost the same,but it also exists some differences:the ratio of ancient conjunctions and modern new conjunctions in Jing De Chuan Deng Lu is larger than it in Zu Tang Ji,while the ratio of medieval conjunctions in Zu Tang Ji is larger than it in Jing De Chuan Deng Lu.Overall,dating from late Tang dynasty and five dynasties to the early North Song dynasty,although there are some new conjunctions,the quantity is few.The main way is to follow ancient conjunctions and medieval conjunctions.This illustrates that the conjunctions develop to the end of Tang dynasty and the beginning of Song dynasty,little change.It fully reflects the gradual development and inheritance of language characteristic .From the characteristic of the conjunction syllable,there are 42 monosyllable note conjunctions and 58 duplicate syllable conjunctions in Zu Tang Ji 100 conjunctions,respectively accounting for 42%,58%.There are 41 monosyllable note conjunctions and 65 duplicate syllable conjunctions in Jing Dechuan Deng Lu 106 conjunctions,respectively accounting for 38.68%,61.32%. Zu Tang Ji and Jing De Chuan Deng Lu are both monosyllable note conjunctions dominant.Starting from Han Wei and six dynasties,Chinese vocalbulary gradually shows a polysyllabic development tendency.So the attribution and using of conjunctions in Zu Tang Ji and Jing De Chuan Deng Lu reflect the massive polyphony tendency of modern Chinese.From the characteristic of the monosyllable note conjunction construction,synonymous compound is one way of structuring words in Zu Tang Ji and Jing De Chuan Deng Lu.The similarity of structuring words of the duplicate syllable conjunctions between Zu Tang Ji and Jing De Chuan Deng Lu lies in the ratio of non-synonymous compound is higher than synonymous compound;the difference of structuring words of the duplicate syllable conjunctions between Zu Tang Ji and Jing De Chuan Deng Lu lies in the ratio of synonymous compound in Jing De Chuan Deng Lu is higher than it in Zu Tang Ji,the ratio of non-synonymous compound in Zu Tang Ji is higher than it in Jing De Chuan Deng Lu .From the characteristic of the conjunction used in the compound sentence,there are 36 pairs conjunctions used in the compound sentences of Zu Tang Ji and 53 pairs conjunctions used in the compound sentences of Jing De Chuan Deng Lu.The quantity of conjunctions used in Jing De Chuan Deng Lu is 17 pairs more than in Zu Tang Ji,it concerns with the characteristic of two Zen quotations language itself.Comparatively saying ,as Zu Tang Ji is more colloquial,its compound sentences often use parataxis; as Jing De Chuan Deng Lu is more classical,its compound sentences often use relation.