The Study Of U.S. Policy Towards Taiwan During The Two Taiwan Strait Crisises

The United Stated based on national interests and the Far East ,driven by stragic objectives,adopted a series of the policy ,which made America,China and KMT complex and varied ,but aslo for the Chinese government to solve the Taiwan problem is becoming intcresingly complex and enlargement in two Taiwan Strait crisis of 1950s.The first part is to analyse U.S.policy toward Taiwan Pre-crisis across the Taiwan Strait.The United states insisted on returning Taiwan to China in World War II ,or with the change of Chinese domestic situation ,the United States began to design a variety of separate programs in Taiwan, a"off-hands policy", "neutral policy " , a"unleash"Chiang Kai-Shek policy ,which explained that the U.S. was not willing to give up Taiwan containing the new China's intention.This second part is to analyse U.S. policy toward Taiwai in the first period of the Taiwai Strait cirsis, ccording to chronological narrative and analysis of a concrete expression of U.S. policy toward Taiwan. In this paper ,the United States, the United Kingdom and New Zealand for the submission of "New Zealand proposal" the existing differences and contradictions were explained in detail and analysis. In December 1954, with the development of the Taiwan Strait crisis, the United States and Taiwan signed a "Mutual Defense Treaty", which Formed Military alliance, but the relations of inequality and instability. Because in the alliance system in Taiwan was in a subordinate position, once the national interests of the United States itself didnot fully reflected in Taiwan , this alliance would most likely be broken. The United States actively persuaded the KMT to withdraw from the big island of Chen in the United States aircraft and warships.The United States urged the withdrawal part of the Chiang Kai-shek's troops in Kinmen and Matsu, but Chiang Kai-shek refused, the U.S .and Taiwan the crisis of confidence further expanded.Part III is U.S.policy toward Taiwan.in the second Taiwan Strait crisis.In August 1958, the second Taiwan Strait crisis broke out.U.S.declared once the Chinese government launched an attack on Quemoy and Matsu, the United States was to take military action against the Chinese government. But when the Chinese government shelled of Kinmen, the United States did not take military intervention in Kinmen and Matsu, but the Chinese government to ease when the shelling of Kinmen to provide escort for the KMT. With the failure of the U.S.convoy and the State Department and the Joint Chiefs of Staff would have the coastal islands, the change in policy, the United States finally decided to cancel the escort policy, but also restrictions on mainland China counterattacks KMT policy.In October 23, the United States and Taiwan issued a "joint communiqué", Chiang Kai-shek to abandon the "armed counterattack mainland China" policy and the United States recognize the defense of the island of Kinmen and Matsu and the Penghu Islands and Taiwan are closely related. The Chinese government decided to allow Kinmen and Matsu and Taiwan and the Penghu Islands to remain in the control of Chiang Kai-shek, the second Taiwan Strait crisis is over, the reopening of Sino-US ambassadorial talks.In conclusion this paper analyses the characteristics of U.S. policy toward Taiwan and the factors and the legacy of U.S. policy .Final note that, in order to maintain the integrity of the references are cited in this paper for the United States title to Taiwan as "Formosa", Taiwan KMT title "The Chinese government" or "Republic of China", etc., as well as the United States for the title The People's Republic of China "Communist China", "CPC", "Red China" and so on, in the quotation, when a lot of archival documents on the Chinese government is not the truth, this all will be retained.