The System Of Aspect And Mood Of Rucheng Dialect In Hunan

Rucheng county is located in the southeast of Hunan province. Dialect is complicated. The study mainly focuses on the grammar of Rucheng dialect by making a research about the system of aspectuality. This study will not only add some fresh materials for the studies of grammar, but also could help to judge to which localism area Rucheng dialect belongs.Based on the opinions of Li rulong (1996) and Li xiaofan (1998), aspectuality type was divided into development and stste of affairs. Aspect means that the state of the action and events in a certain time course. Mood almost has nothing to do with thim. Mood embodies the imagination and sentiment of the action subject. This paper described seven kinds of aspect and mood of Rucheng dialect and studied the system of aspectuality.The marks of aspect includ喥1[tu44],咑[to21],咖[ka21],咑喥[to21tu44],正/在[(?)24 ai44],起/来[s 21l i44],开始[k ai44s 21],紧[in21],下去[xo21s 44],过1 [ku24],翻[fa33].喥1[tu44]is a mark of aspect which means acheivement. According to the structures of syntax, its meaning can be broke into two groups, achievement-static state and achievement-dynamic state. The achievement-dynamic state includes accomplishment and finished and unfinished喥2[tu44],喥1+2[tu44]and喥3[tu44]are marks of mood咖[ka21]also a mark of achievement咑[to21]is a multifunctional mark of aspect which means achievement,progressive and continual咑喥[to21tu44]is also a multifunctional mark of aspect which means progressive and continual正/在[(?)24 ai44] means progressive aspect起/来[s21l i44] and开始[kai44s 21]are marks of beginning aspect.紧[in21] is also a mark of continual aspect.下去[xo21 s44]is a mark of continual aspect过[ku24]is a multifunctional mark too翻[fa33]is a mark of recovery aspect. All these marks means the state of the action and event in a certain time course.The marks of mood include一下[i44po45],刻唧[k 24 i44],V喥V喥,V喥又V,得[t 21],过2 [ku24],喥2 [tu44],喥1+2[tu44],喥3[tu44],去喥1[s 44tu44],去喥2[s 44tu44]and去喥3 [s 44tu44]Both of一下[i44po45]and刻唧[k 24 i44]are marks of short time得[t 21]means possibility喥2[tu44]is used in the structure of V喥V喥andV喥又V,which is a mark of restore mood过2[ku24] is used when speaker hopes the action happens again去喥[s 44tu44]can mark something happened and will be happen.This paper describes all of the marks of aspect and mood first and then study the relationship between them and the system of aspectuality. This paper is composed of five parts, including introduction, the marks of aspect,the marks of mood,reticular analysis and the conclusion.