The Research Of Lingzhou Road In Late Dang,Five And Early Song Dynasties

Lingzhou RoadQ~jtLi~) was in the centre of ShuoFang抯 frontier ~ Lingzhou(~iH)and maintaied close links between centeral Plains(4?~) and the Western regions (~~) in late Tang, Five and early Song Dynasties. And it was a silk trade passage way which followed the Uighour Road ~ Based on predecessor抯 achivements in research and combined DunHuang Documents (4~拁j~4~) with traditional historical geography works, the author mainly probe into some questions such as origin, the process of opening, general route, main nationalities, envoies, Buddhist Monks and so on in Lingzhou Road.First, looking back the origin, we considered that Lingzhou Road was in the same route with ancient Juyan Road (~~i~) that the northern normadic tribes ~ invaded for Hexi corridor (~I~~I~B) down the E-Ji-Na river ~Second, Lingzhou Road was cleared in the course of Dazhong Years (~4拁f~J). The envoies of Gui-Yi-Jun Regime (~i~) made use of Tian-De-Jun (3I~t~W) and ShuoFang抯 frontier fortress條ingzhou,moved in zigzags and by roundabout ways, fianally, reached the capital of Tang Dynasty-Changan ~ So Lingzhou Road was open.Third, according to DunHuang Docuuments and historical geography works, the general route for Lingzhou Road contained Lingzhou- Liangzhou Path (~jII梸g+Ii~) and Lingzhou-Ganzhou path (~)~H 梩)l1i~), and the former was the leading silk trade passage which connected Plains (4?J~) v~ith the western Regions ~Fourth, in the road, the chief nationalities was Liangzhou Tibetan (~jlIPi~), Ganzhou Uighour (~ IiL~I~) and Lingqing-Dangxiang ~ All kinds of activities and actions manifested their efforts to fight for possession of Lingzhou Road.Fifth,Gui-Yi-Jun Regime抯 exchanging with centeral Dynasty was the focus of world attention in Lingzhou Road and the envoies and Buddhist Monks played a great part in promating the association of the Gui-Yi-Jun Regime and central Dynasty.In a word, from the beginning, Lingzhou Ro抋d had been a dominant chinese-Western and silk trade passage way, lately, the envioes, traders and traveller抯 con~ing and going, the troop抯 advaning and retreating, moving of the nationalities, spreading of the Bruddhism, were developed and expanded gradually in Lingzhou Road. So it had a profound and lasting influence on the history in late Tang, five and early Song Dynasties.