The Study Of Exchanged Characthers And Folk Characters Used In Bamboo Silps Excavated From Ancient Tombs Of Qin Dynasty In Shuihudi

The bamboo silps discovered in the ancient tomb of Qin dynasty in Shuihudi(SHUI) was an important find for archaeology and philology. SHU1 was written in the period from the end of the Warring State to the initial stage of Qin dynasty. In the development history of Chinese characters,it served as a link between past and future.The using characters of SHUI also possess the charecters of Warring states.for example,characters and component are not steady,the characters of exchanged forms are not steady,and there are plenty of folk characters and ancient characters. The study of the phenomenon of using characters is helpful for us to understand Libian in the history of chsracters.This paper deals with two kind of characters specially used in SHUI ,they are characters of exchanged forms(EF )and characters of folk forms (FF). EF is the phenomenon in which the borrowed characters is used instead of the original charecters,the borrowed and the oringinal charecters have the same and similar pronucination.The standard for the determination of EF are the following:the borrowed form and the original form are both appeared in SHUI or other documents which are even earlier,the oringinal and the borrowed characters have the same or similar pronuciation but their meaning are different.Altogether the number of EF in SHUI is 393. They can be divided into four categories . The study of the pronuciation phenomenon reflected by EF can be served as supplementary remarks of other conclusion.FF are the popular and irregular characters in the development history of Chinese characters. The standard for determination of FF are the dictionaries compiled in Qin dynasty or after that.The analysis of character components and the induction of them are the two most important method for the examination and correction of FF. FF can be divided into four categories.Their emergence is to the special social and culture background;and at the same time,the changes in the Chinese characters of that time is the most important reason.