A Discussion On The Preferential Treatment System Of The Troops In The Late Qing Dynasty

The system of preferential treatment of troops points the country gives a special and economic treatment and the reward on the spirit to the soldiers who were killed, injured and dead of illness in war and their family members. Whether the measures of the preferential treatment are appropriate or not directly affects the morale of the troops and the strong or weak of the troops′fighting capacity. The preferential treatment system in the Late Qing Dynasty plays an outmost important role in developing the business of preferential treatment in our country. Therefore, we should pay more attention to it. This thesis tries to draw outline of the preferential treatment system, analysis its characteristics, and sum up its experience and lessons by way of researching the relation between the preferential treatment system and the army system. The main body of this thesis consists of three parts. In part one, the author makes a concrete analysis of the soldier′s system of Late Qing . The preferential treatment system always has a close relation with the military system. Therefore, if we want to understand the preferential treatment system of Late Qing, we should have the necessity to understand the army system of Qing Dynasty. From the viewpoint of the development of Chinese military system, we can divide it into three stages. (1). From the Opium War in 1840 to the Taiping Heavenly Kingdomuprising in 1851,we call this stage the Green Battalion Age; (2). From the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom of the 1851 to the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 between China and Japan, we call this stage the Yongying Army Age; (3). From the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 to the Revolution of 1911, we call this stage the New Army Age.In part two, the author investigates the circumstances of the preferential treatment system in the Late Qing Dynasty′s troops. This part divides into two sections. (1). Prewar period of the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, we take the Green Army, the Xiang Army and the North Ocean Navy as main examples; (2). Postwar period of the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895,we mainly regard the New Army as an example.In part three, the author gives a comment on the preferential treatment system of Late Qing Dynasty ′s troops. The Qing government makes best use of the advantages and avoids the disadvantages of the past dynasties′ preferential treatment system and establishes the relatively complete and perfect preferential treatment system. Particularly, the Constitution of the Comforting and Compensational Treatment for Officers and Soldiers and the Provisional Regulations of the Ex-servicemen symbolize Chinese preferential treatment business has walked to the road of modernize and regularize. However, to a certain degree, the preferential treatment system in the Late Qing still exists certain limitations.