A Study On The Sentence Structure Of V+(O)+X In The Tang-Five Period

From the pre-Qin period to the Yuan-ming period,the grammatical structure of the Chinese simple sentence had one of the most different characteristics comparing with the modern Chinese, that is, there was a place of X behind the central verb and(or) its objective. Its abstractive pattern was of V + (O) + X. However, the place of X disappears in modern Chinese simple structure and its appearance becomes ungrammartical, except few exceptions. The elements which can be in the place of X, that is, be behind the central verb and its objective, included: adjectives or intransitive verbs, complement "bu de (不得)", prepositional phrases, numral-classifieres,and time measure word; but the elements processed a change in their positions in sentences, viewing from the history of grammar, and one of the important periods of the change was Tang-Five period.On the basis of former researches, this paper sums up and describes the sentence pattern of V+ (O)+ X, and other relevant sentence patterns, and make a quantitative analysis of them, and then tries to describe the process of its development. This paper consists of nine parts:The first part is the preface. This part points out the elements which X represents in the sentence pattern of V+ (O)+ X and the changes of their positions in sentences, and the methods of research and the materials.From the second part to the eighth part, the paper gives a detail description of the sentence pattern of V+ (O)+ X and its relevant sentence patterns, and the process of their changes, when X is of different elements. Besides it, from the second part to the fouth part, the paper makes an analysisof the grammartical structures of different sentence patterns, and from the fifth part to the eighth part, the paper induces the rules of the appearance of X in every sentence pattern.At the last part, the paper analyses the reasons of the change of the position of these elements. One is the principle of temporal sequence; the other one is the mutual influence and interaction of all elements of language.