| In 1994,Chen Sihe advanced his new theory of "the Folk". This theory came from the special background in 1990's. The intellectuals found their enlightenment ideal was beaten after the political storm in the end of the 1980's, so they wanted to look for a new support of their value. Some scholars agreed with Chen, but some disagreed with him. So a great polemic broke out. The argument among the poets was the stretch of that polemic in 1999.In this thesis, the author will try his best to analogy the conceptions and viewpoints of the whole polemic, find the background of them, the basic stand and attitude of the learners who took part in it, and the contradictory in the revolution of the society mind in those years.Part One: A review to the polemic on "the Folk" and "the Intellectuals"The conception of "the Folk", and the voice of the oppositeIn the studying of the contemporary Chinese literature, Chen Sihe gave the word "the Folk" new means. He analogy the position of "the folk" in the contemporary Chinese literature history. To have the aid of this theory, he found the artistic charm of literature works those were restricted by the ideology. In his opinion, the meaning of "the Folk" concluded two parts at least. One was a real society structure, and the other was a choice of the intellectual. In other words, it was a "Value Folk". In Chen's theory system, "Value Folk" was more important, which aroused many scholars' questions. Many famous scholars express their own opinions too. Because of the difference of their knowledge background and the points of view, this discussion on the Folk and the intellectual was very complicated.Some people who insisted the stand of the intellectual said that the folk world wasn't as free as Chen and his supporters imagined, which is not only limited by all kinds of ideology, but also concluded a lot of remains of old culture. They said when a writer pander to the folk's interests, he would lose his own artistic individuality. The main reason that made the enlightenment ideal of the Chinese intellectual lost wasn't laid in the problem of the intellectuals themselves. Today Chinese society needs the enlightenment ideal of the Chinese intellectual.The argument among the poets: for who the poem should be?This argument among the poets was the stretch of the polemic between "the Folk" and "the intellectual". Poets put two conceptions to express their different stand of writing: "the Folk writing" and "the intellectual writing". "The intellectual writing" meant writing by intellectuals, which emphasized the humanism and the independence of the poets' writing. But the poets who insisted "the Folk writing" was correct didn't think so, they said if a poet decided to devote himself to "the intellectual writing", his poem would be divorced from the masses and life. They insisted that "the Folk writing" meant a independent quality. Their opinions were like Chen's theory very much. In Yu Jian's opinion, "the Folk" was the "Presence". It was the normal life, the daily life. The opposite side criticized his theory either.Part Two: The discourse in the context: an analysis about the polemic1. Thinking about the focus of the discussionWhen the scholars and poets discussed those questions, they would understand some conceptions such as "Folk" and "intellectual" in their own ways. The scholars who agreed in "the Folk writing" paid attentions to the average person's life conditions and the natural character of human being. For one thing, they refused the unreasonable limited by political power of the ruler, for another, they were against the elite idealism too, which was the very goal of the enlightenment intellectual. So the two sides must be opposites. Tradition, daily life and nationalism are three parts of a whole system, which reflected some writers and scholars' thinking about their own identities and culture choice in the 199os. The intellectuals' stand criticized this daily life, which...
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