Independent Spirit, Liberal Thoughts

Fei Ming(1901 -1967), who was not a great master in modern Chinese literature, had striking artistic personality and unique style. His creative works are a kind of attempt with great significance. In this point of view, Fei Ming had made his own contribution for the development of Chinese literature.The dissertation is a critical study of the consciousness of subject in Fei Ming's novels and tries to find out the uniqueness of the consciousness of subject in the novels by Fei Ming who was greatly influenced by new culture and traditional culture. The uniqueness lies in that it's a harmonious combination of spiritual liberty and self controlling in material life, and the former is the result of the later. His idea of liberty was not to satisfy one ' s greed, but was to free from it. This kind of personality in Fei Ming's novels is a contrast to the abnormal personality because of degenerating in modern culture.There are six parts in the thesis. The first part is a survey of the development of the studies on Fei Ming's works, in order to define the objectives,scope and approach for the study. The second part is an introduction of the background and reason for Fei Ming's traditional thoughts. And the autobiographical character in Fei Ming's novels is also included so that to have a thorough understanding on Fei Ming's thoughts. The third part is the formation of the consciousness of subject in Fei Ming's novels. The concern for the alienation of humanity as well as the complex of the rebellion and escaping from evil reality is the beginning for Fei Ming to study the consciousness of subject. With thorough realization of good and evil in humanity, Fei Ming start to advocate his ideal personality, which is natural and harmonious because of enjoying the freedom and happiness that we have when we were born. The fourth part is the further development of the consciousness of subject in Fei Ming's novels. It's the return to reality. The novel is about the possibility of Fei Ming's ideal personality. With continuing selfcorrection, the character in the novel develops reasonable mind of tolerance and harmony. And with a completely understanding the law of reason and effect, which is the basic theory of Buddism, the character in the novel gives up self-center completely and get the greatest liberty in spirit. The fifth part is the maturity of the consciousness of subject in Fei Ming's novels. In religious personality, the character in the novel blends Confucianism and Buddism harmoniously and put them into individual practice. In the concern for the reality, the character pays great attention to the hardships of common villagers and criticize the corrupt practice in local government seriously. The last part highlights the historical and realistic significance of the independent spirit and liberal thoughts in the novels by Fei Ming.