The Modern Rural Industrialization And Local Transition Of Society And Economy In The Yangloudong Tea Area

This text, from many angles, try to analyze synthetically the reasons of vigorous growth of tea-making handicraft industry, the gradually progressing laws of productivity and managing-form of tea-making industry , and the whole transition of the economy and society in Yangloudong Tea Area, drawing supports from relevant theory methods of discipline, such as Marxism handicraft industry history theory , proto-industrialization theory, modernization theory, development economics, etc, in theory frame of capitalist market system of the world.This text thinks that the formation and development of modern Yangloudong Tea Area, especially the central status of Yangloudong in processing and collecting and distributing resulted from common acts of its internal natural and social ecological environments and the market outside the area. For the internal factors, gifted natural ecological environments contributed to the long history of planting and making tea in Yangloudong Tea Area, and the formation of "Dong-Tea" brand that had won fame both at home and abroad. The special environment of humane and geography, and traffic position, abundant resources of tea, forest and human, rational industrial structure, close geographical reason, blood reason relation and common language culture background, helped transmission of information, free flow and centralization of raw materials and workforce at all parts of Tea Area. Those were objective prerequisites of the formation and development of central status of Yangloudong in processing, collecting and distributing tea in modern time. The layer of Shenshangs(gentry-traders) split up from traditional scholars under stimulus of tea commodity economy at Yangloudong, played positive role in the local social economy to state outright, build chapters and rules, maintain the market order, build bridges and roads, improve the external environment, adjust the military-political relation, save the business from damage steadily, dare to invest, widely construct storehouses, acquire utensils, solicit tea-traders. Under theabove-mentioned environment, the Shenshangs Yangloudong established the relations of permanent and firm cooperation with Jin Traders. They played an indispensable role for the development of the tea economy in the Tea Area and formation of central status of Yangloudong in many aspects, such as organization and management, the allocation and circulation of fund, transportation and sale of tea. After involving in modern capitalist world market system, the economy of Yangloudong Tea Area was a kind of cxport-oricntcd economy with borderland . market and world market, and formed the situation in which the products are diversified and market are pluralistic in the course of development, at the same time it also formed multistage market system which consisted of elementary market in producing area, middle transport market and finally consumer market. Both Pluralistic market pattern and perfect market system had offered powerful motive force and system guarantee for modern development of Yangloudong Tea Area.Since modern times, the outside source type had been main characteristic of industrialization of backward countries and areas, and the normal mode of the gradual progress of industrial form has been broken. Because there had been a long history and foundation of tea-made in Yangloudong Tea Area, Both tea production and dealing form had changed in certain qualitative under stimulus of modern capitalist world market, therefore the three kinds of industrial forms, such as the tea-making handicraft industry of tea grower's family, tea-making handicraft industry of workshop and tea-making industry of machine had coexisted at the same time, and had demonstrated a kind of progressive trend again. Characteristic of advancing gradually reflected that tool of production, fuel state, mode of management and the nature of commodities from production to exchange under, three kinds of industrial forms had demonstrated a gradual course of evolution from elementary form to advanced form. Both tea-making...