A Research On Tombs Of Sui-Tang Dynasties In Chaoyang Region

The patterns of tombs of Sui-Tang Dynasty vary greatly in Chaoyang region. The materials excavated were abundant, however they differ from each other on the cultures and clans. Based on adequate materials, this paper analyzes the burial patterns, burial artifacts, different cultures and clans and so on with the methods of typology and ancient records, thus to get a scientific conclusion.This paper can be divided into 5 parts.The first part is tombs Pattern. There are mainly brick tombs, and a few stone tombs and pit tombs. And there are urn-coffin tombs among those occupants are children. As to the brick tombs, they can be sub-divided into 5 types according to their shapes: square brick tombs, rectangular brick tombs, circle brick tombs, oval brick tombs and ladder-shape stone-out-coffin tombs.The second part is about burial goods. In order to compare and analysis unearthed relics of tombs in Tang Dynasty, the author takes the burial artifacts in tombs with ages as rules for chronology. And the author also views them as important characteristics and representatives of cultural connotation and clans. Though most of tombs had been seriously ruined and disturbed which keeps us from observation and analysis of goods combination, there are still burial goods left in tombs, such as potteries, three-colored ceramics, copper artifacts, iron artifacts, ivory strip. And with the help of those burial goods, the author can sequence them typologically and analyze and compare relics according to tomb patterns. And then draw the conclusion about the ages, cultural connotation, clan of tombs of all patterns and mutual influences as well.The third part is the stages of tombs. According to the analysis of the burial pattern, the artifacts and the tombs with definite years,we have got a relative clear understanding about the main patterns of the Sui-Tang tombs in the Chaoyang region, the types of artifacts, the rules of development, the local characteristics, the corresponding relationships of the artifacts and the tombs and the time span of the tombs. At the same time, based on the study of tombs with definite years, we noticed that the age of tombs continued from Sui, Early-Tang to "the Rebellion of An-Shi" , after that, there was totally blank. This paper divided the Sui-Tang tombs in Chaoyang region into three satges in terms of the development of patterns and the types of artifacts. The first stage was Wude-Zhenguan periods of Sui-Tang (58l-649 AD), the second was Gaozong-Wuzetian periods (650-712 AD), and the third was Xuanzong period (712-756 AD).The forth part is that factors of multi-ethnic cultures reflected from tombs of Sui-Tang Dynasty in Chaoyang region. Because Chaoyang kept being one of the curial political, economical and cultural centers, it could become a military county for central regime managing northeast area when the power was mighty. On the other hand, when the central power was weak and the minorities came down from the north, this region turned to be a battlefield and be the backyard for the minorities to move on to the Central Plain. This viewpoint can be completely reflected from the patterns of tombs in Tang Dynasty and the burial goods.The fifth part is the tombs of Tang dynasty in Chaoyang region in comparison with those in Central Plain. Compared with the tombs in Central Plains, the tombs in Chaoyang region were not very standard, they appeared more complicated than and different with those in Central Plains. Burial customs were different because of the complicated components of nations. When the size of the tomb was small, it didn' t necessarily mean the grade of the occupant was low. That was resulted from the long-time communications of different nations...