From The Northern Dynasties To The Sui And Tang Dynasties, Luoyang Guanjin Issues

As the capital of thirteen dynasties,locating in the central plains,Luoyang has extremely high values in strategic,economic and cultural in history.Guanjin,the important facility of defending city in ancient China,also played an important role in the change of dynasties.Luoyang is located in the transition area of the middle Loess Plateau and the middle and lower Yellow River plain,covers about 179 kilometers in length and 168 kilometers wide,this region across the Yellow River,Surrounding by Zhengzhou,Sanmenxia City,Jiaozuo,Nanyang and Mountain Pingding.Mountains and the water system around Luoyang region is various,terrain is complex,providing the environment of setting Guanjin.To guarding Luoyang,emperors set up a number of GuanJin in luoyang and the surrounding areas,such as Hulaoguan,Yinqueguan,Huanyuanguan,Mengjin and Tongguan.These customized guanjins rely on the Yellow River,mountains or guarding the central plains,plays an important role for security,transportation,trading of this region.In the more than 500 years(from the northern dynasties to the sui and tang dynasties),Luoyang became either the capital or the frontier fortress,its urban status and function greatly changed,which made luoyang and the surrounding areas of guanjin stay in an active status,therefore,these region came with great research value.This essay analyzes the evolution,function and influence of the guanjin in Luoyang and its surrounding areas during the northern dynasties,sui and tang dynasties.This paper is divided into four parts,the first part is introduction,mainly expounds the research status of Luoyang and Guanjin issues,the innovative ideas of this paper.The second part introduce the geographical situation of Luoyang area,Luoyang and its surrounding areas of Guanjin chronologically.The third one discuss the system changes of Guanjin from the northern dynasties to the sui and tang dynasties.The last one describe some important Guanjin in Luoyang and surrounding areas: Zhiguan;Hulaoguan;Huanyuanguan;Yinqueguan;Mengjin;Tongguan and Hanguguan;discourse them of construcion period;place to set;history;the function of GuanJin;etc.and demonstrates the special problems of partial GuanJin.