On Academies In Hainan Island During The Ming And Qing Dynasties

During the period of the Ming and the Qing dynasties, the culture and education in Hainan island experienced a booming stage in their development. This period was also a significant stage of the development of the academy education in Hainan. On the basis of collecting and clearing up historical materials about Hainan, this thesis conducted a systematic discussion on the conditions of this period's academy development in Hainan and then made a deep analysis of their local features taken on in their developing process, as well as their influence on the education development in this island. Compared with those in the inner mainland, academies in Hainan appeared a little later and lagged behind concerning the developing speed and scale, but they played a very important role in the flourishing of Hainan's ancient culture and education. It was not until the Ming Dynasty that academies in Hainan gained their initial flourishing, but they matured roughly at the same period concerning the organization and administration systems. During the Qing period, academies in Hainan achieved a further development and formed more perfect organization and administration systems. Through the Ming and the Qing dynasties, there were about sixty academies in Hainan. In ancient Hainan, academies occupied a very important place in the whole island's education and hence achieved historically far more than state schools. In spreading Central-Plain Cultures, enlightening local people and civilizing folkways, academies in Hainan all played a very important role.