| In the steam of Chinese local literature, hardship has been always the theme that authors would like to write time and time. The different position, method, attitude, and impressibility of narration of hardship will reflect authors' distinct thoughts and ideas about the historical atmosphere in particular times.Yan Lianke devotes himself to local novels. He concentrates on writing about the hardship in the local society. In all his works , two series of novels: Yao Gou and Pa Lou are popular, which has been attracting the attentions of Chinese literature world.Nowadays, while trying to close the growing-up middle class and citizen estate, contemporary literature is strengthening the alienation to the peasants and workers unconsciously. Literature abandons the attentions of the hardship of real life. In fact, all these conditions are treacherous and express the oblivion of memory. In Yan's world of novels, hardship has been a regular view of point. He merges literature imagination and sharp social pertinence in order to reach an incisive and shocking effect.This paper takes the history of local novels as the general background, the theme of hardship the key, and puts Yan's novels into the stream of local novels in order to probe into the distinctions between he and other previous writers. Yan's novels mainly have three models that express his hardship theme: the distressful experience of secularity, the historical tribulation caused by "leftism" and the fatal torment againstsurvival. Then, the paper analyzes the three reflections with his novels as examples, which shows Yan's special aesthetic ideal and clues of writing. While analyzing the inner structure of hardship, the paper explores the subject and object reasons of hardship theme's conversion in Yan's novels. At last, this paper researches the narration measures such as "allegorize" which are necessary to realize that conversion, and shows the important value in use of reference to the contemporary literature.
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